What are Schumann's artistic features?

This paper discusses the main features of German romantic composer Schumann's artistic songs. This is another master of artistic song creation after Schubert, the "King of Songs". It has a unique creative style and characteristics in word selection, melody, beat, harmony, form and piano accompaniment. Key words: Schumann's Romantic Art Song Creation Schumann (181856) was a German romantic composer and music critic in the first half of the19th century, and he was the first person to make great contributions to German art song creation after Schubert. Schumann, like Schubert, creates artistic songs with romantic inspiration. But Schumann has a very rich literary accomplishment, and his music is more elaborate and profound than the latter. Unlike Schubert's easily exposed feelings, Schumann's works conform to his introverted personality. Most of his works are inspired by poetry. Romantic poetic imagination and musician's sensitivity and delicacy are perfectly combined in Schumann, who is a romantic poet in music. This paper mainly expounds the main characteristics of Schumann's artistic songs in creation. 1. Vocal music works are full of true feelings, fantasies and rich romantic temperament with the help of clear semantics of poetry. Schumann also showed genius in literature, poetry and music, full of poetic temperament and spirituality. The works of Goethe and Heine had a great influence on him. Most of Schumann's artistic songs are composed by the poems of these romantic poets. Art songs are rigorous in choosing words, and usually choose the most valuable poems of poets as lyrics, paying great attention to the artistry of poems themselves. He hopes that through the essence of music, poetry will glow with more touching poetry. For example, the famous vocal suite "Poet's Love" is based on a long poem by Heine. It describes a poet's longing for sincere love and the pain after lovelorn. The author tries hard to dig out the deep feelings of this poem through music, which shows the poetry of the original more delicately and makes the divertimento have deep appeal. The suite Poet's Love consists of 13 songs. Schumann wrote complex and changeable artistic images with simple strokes, in which delicate emotional changes and poetry were expressed through notes, which were fascinating and moving. The first song of this suite, Brilliant May, describes that spring has come, flowers are in full bloom, and the poet's desire for love has sprouted in his heart. The tune of this song is not gorgeous, but it expresses heartfelt sincerity. At the end of the song, the tune deliberately stops on an unstable tone, giving people a feeling of endless aftertaste and vividly expressing the poet's yearning for love life. Secondly, Schumann's artistic songs take love as the main theme, and there are also some lyric songs with landscape descriptions and some narrative songs. Among Schumann's more than 500 art songs, love songs account for the highest proportion, and many of them are very artistic. The song collection Myrtle was a wedding gift from Schumann to Clara on 1840. The album consists of 26 songs, which are very touching in every capital, among which the first song "Dedication" is the most popular and widely sung. Among Schumann's songs, there are many songs with the theme of lyrical scenery description. For example, Moonlit Night is a typical Schumann romantic song. It is based on the original poem of German romantic poet eichendorff. This is a segmented song. The piano brings out the natural beauty of tranquility and serenity in the moonlit night sky. The song unfolds with a broad and peaceful melody, which strengthens the emotion in the third quarter and reaches a climax, expressing the author's feelings of missing and loving his hometown. In the weakened harmony, the whole song ends. Schumann also wrote many ballads, the most outstanding of which is Two Grenadiers. This is Schumann's masterpiece of narrative songs with outstanding ideological and artistic qualities, and the lyrics are also Heine's poems. Through the dialogue between two French soldiers defeated from Russia in 18 12, the thoughts and feelings of people recalling Napoleon and yearning for bourgeois democratic revolution after the restoration of feudalism in Europe were expressed. The whole song adopts popular techniques and has a strong timbre. It quoted La Marseillaise, which marked the spirit of the French Revolution, and showed the heroism of dying soldiers. Thirdly, the connection between Schumann's art songs and German folk songs is obscure, with short melody, and most of them are not complete phrases. German folk songs have different characteristics from other nationalities. They are neither as expressive as Italian folk songs, nor as bold as Spanish folk songs, and always maintain the characteristics of simplicity, connotation, conciseness and neatness. Schumann is very loyal to the characteristics of German folk songs, although he rarely quotes the tunes of German folk songs directly in his song creation. Schumann's rhythm is the most original. He likes to use complicated rhythms. We often see syncopation and polyrhythm across bars in high and low voices, but sometimes he insists on using a rhythmic pattern in a long paragraph to show his unique style. In harmony, Schubert created a new field of romantic expression in creative techniques, but he did not jump out of the classical harmony mode. Schumann, on the other hand, opened up a new field of romantic harmony techniques. He tried to weaken the "functional" intensity of harmony, used dissonance and boldly deviated from the tune. He often uses the method of alternating big and small tones and vague tonality to create a poetic and hazy atmosphere and an artistic conception full of fantasy. Therefore, when singing Schumann's lyric art songs, we must dilute the high-pitched area and use the technique of light tone. Only in this way can we show this ethereal, transcendental daydream and charming artistic conception. For example, "Lotus" written by Schumann with Heine's poems has a natural and simple tone, and the tone of the whole song is F major. When singing "The Moon is her lover, wake her up with brilliance", the tonality is out of tune with Ba, which makes the song enter an emotional climax. Then, the accompaniment caused an out-of-tune effect. Schumann used this changeable tonality to describe the characters' hearts in detail and the lotus's modality vividly. In the form of music, he broke away from the classical style, was not bound, followed the freedom of emotion and expressed his inner feelings. The form is free and relaxed, thus forming another major feature of his creation. Fourth, Schumann's piano accompaniment writing has a very unique effect. The melody of the song is perfectly combined with piano accompaniment, and the music image is vivid. Schumann also designed the accompaniment of art songs accurately and consistently, and seamlessly combined the melody of art songs with piano accompaniment, making piano accompaniment more considerate and showing endless possibilities. In Schumann's songs, piano and human voice are inseparable. Sometimes the piano part even exceeds the singing part. He often adds a long piano epilogue at the end of songs, such as epilogue and unfolding part. In these parts, new musical ideas often appear, making the artistic conception of songs by going up one flight of stairs. If Schubert's piano accompaniment writing is still a classical technique, Schumann's accompaniment has created a new world of romantic piano playing skills, and his modulation technique has liberated music from classical harmony and modulation methods, thus enriching the harmony color and change and enriching the playing techniques and skills. In addition, he also absorbed the texture writing style of polyphonic music, strengthened the activity of the internal melody of piano accompaniment, and enriched the expressive force and scope of piano. Russian music critic Stasov said that Schumann is the most talented successor after Beethoven, beaufort Franz and Schubert. His artistic songs pay more attention to depicting the beautiful scenery of nature through appropriate emotional and psychological state, making the musical image more vivid and vivid, showing a unique "artistic beauty." For example, "Walnut Tree" is a prominent vocal work with the characteristics of "piano accompaniment is as important as singing" in Schumann's songs. The melody of the song is not very broad and smooth, but mostly short-breathing sentences, which play a leading role in music. The beautiful piano arpeggio pattern and the recurring theme motivation make the poetry of the spring breeze ripple, the leaves rustle, and the young people's desire for happiness in love is extremely vivid. In the middle of the three changes, it further shows the artistic conception that leaves are whispering and girls are talking. Then, with a low melody line, it depicts the image of a girl who longs for love and happiness and falls asleep with a smile. The whole song reaches its climax in rich poetry, which makes people memorable and gives people an immersive aesthetic enjoyment. For example, at the end of Dedication, Schumann borrows the melody of Schubert's Praise for the Virgin and compares Clara to the Virgin to express her praise and admiration. The main content of many Schumann songs is expressed by accompaniment. Therefore, in order to deeply understand Schumann's artistic songs, we must carefully understand every detail of his accompaniment. Schumann's artistic songs can profoundly and accurately express the artistic conception of poetry from a unique angle. He closely combines melody with language syllables and intonation, so that his songs will be eclipsed if they are not sung in German. Schumann, a great composer, showed extraordinary romantic talent in the creation of artistic songs, and his song creation had a far-reaching impact on the development of German artistic songs.