The three words "meaning", "ambition" and "opposition" in "Opposing ambition with meaning" are very important. "Meaning", some people think it is the author's "meaning", others think it is the reader's "meaning". The latter view is more reasonable. "Zhi", some people think it is the author's "Zhi", some people think it is the work's "Zhi", and some people think it means "record". There is no essential difference between these three opinions, and they can all be regarded as the original intention expressed by the author or the work. "Inverse" has three meanings: welcome, acceptance, research, exploration, retrospection and reversal. In short, the so-called "opposing will with will" means that readers "violate" the will of the author's works with their own will. In this process, the reader neither completely abandons his own "present vision" nor simply incorporates the original vision of the object of understanding into his own "present vision", but combines these two different visions to form a brand-new vision, thus obtaining a new vision. It is not difficult to see that the appreciation method of "opposing one's will with one's will" should respect the reader's subjective consciousness and not deviate from the author's works. The process of appreciation should be regarded as a process in which the reader's will and the translation's will blend with each other through "opposition" and construct new meanings. This appreciation method is scientific.
The two methods of "knowing people and discussing the world" and "opposing one's will with one's will" complement each other, and the value and significance of the work can be better understood by connecting with the author's life and the era in which he lives. Wang Guowei said: "Therefore, people are known to the world, and people are against their will, so there are very few ancient poems." Lu Xun put it more incisively: "There is a so-called' matter-of-fact' method in the world, so it is ok to discuss poetry now, or it can be said. However, I always think that if you want a paper, it is best to consider the whole article and the author's whole person and his social state. This is more conclusive. " (The second episode of Xie Jieting's essay "Untitled Grass (VII)") Of course, "Knowing people and discussing the world" is about aesthetics. Huang Ziyun, a poet in A Qing, said: "When reciting, you must first know the author's situation that day, and then ask with your heart. You must lose, or you must live or die." It is speculated that the author's situation should be combined with aesthetic chanting, otherwise it will become a historical fact of accumulating materials and destroy the appreciation of poetry.