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Rule number one?
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"Frosty night, Jiang Feng fishing sorrow sleep. Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, passenger ships are ringing at midnight. " This is the poem "a night-mooring near maple bridge" by Zhang Ji, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. This well-known poem has been included in the Appreciation Dictionary of Tang Poems, A Thousand Poems, A Dictionary of Famous Sentences in Past Dynasties, Three Hundred Tang Poems by Zhang Yuxin, Three Hundred Tang Poems edited by Zhang Peipei, a retired scholar in Qing Dynasty (Guangming Daily Press), A Caterpillar, a Butterfly, a Junior (. This poem was written by Zhang Ji, a poet, who returned to his hometown gloomily after taking the exam. In the poem, the sad face in the journey and the beautiful late autumn scenery around it are picturesque. Crescent Moon, passenger ship, Jiangfeng, fishing fire, crow, bell, bright and dark, static and moving, sound and picture. In just 28 words, I wrote a long, broad-minded, realistic and profound artistic conception. There is no word bridge in the whole poem, but the whole poem is written around the bridge closely. This poem has become an eternal masterpiece, making Qiao Feng famous at home and abroad. At the same time, Hanshan Temple, a very common temple, is famous all over the world for its double value and strong incense.
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Recently, the author was lucky enough to visit Hanshan Temple, a scenic spot in Qiao Feng, Suzhou. Here, Zhang Ji's poems were expressed by a night-mooring near maple bridge, and the geographical location and human landscape of Hanshan Temple were investigated on the spot, so that he had a deeper understanding of the famous poem a night-mooring near maple bridge, and he also had doubts about many selected classical poems listed above and the annotation of "Jiang Feng fishing and sleeping" in middle school Chinese textbooks. The notes on "Jiangfeng" and "Fishing Fire" in the above monographs and middle school Chinese textbooks are basically the same, that is, "Jiang" refers to the Yangtze River and "Feng" refers to maple trees. The whole sentence means "the flaming maple leaves on the river, the lights of fishing boats on the river" or "there seems to be frost all over the sky in the boundless night, facing the faint maple trees on the rocks and the flickering fishing fire in the river" is a description of autumn. And I think this explanation is wrong. During my field trip, I found a river opposite the entrance of Hanshan Temple, called the Canal. There are two bridges on the canal, one is called Jiangcun Bridge, and the other is called Qiao Feng Bridge. The two bridges are not far apart. Therefore, I think "Jiangfeng" in the poem does not refer to maple trees along the Yangtze River, but refers to Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng Bridge. There are three reasons for this:
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First, "Jiang" refers to the Yangtze River in many poems, but its geographical environment should be considered here. The annotation of "Jiang" as the Yangtze River is obviously inconsistent with the local water system. Hanshan Temple is located on the bank of the canal 3.5 kilometers west of Suzhou. It's far from the Yangtze River, only near the canal. After entering Jiangsu, the Yangtze River flows into the estuary through Nanjing, Zhenjiang and Jiangyin. Where can there be a saying of "river bank" and "in the river"? Does the poet have enough imagination to drag the maple trees on the banks of the Yangtze River and the fishing fires in the river to Hanshan Temple? This is obviously impossible. It should be the misunderstanding caused by the annotator's ignorance of the geographical environment around Hanshan Temple.
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Second, the explanations in monographs and textbooks are inconsistent with the architectural layout around Hanshan Temple. Hanshan Temple was built in Tian Jian during the Six Dynasties and Liang Dynasties (AD 502-5 19), with a history of over 400 years. Formerly known as "Miaoliping Mingta Temple". During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that the famous monk Hanshan and Picked came here from Tiantai Mountain and changed their names to Hanshan Temple. In front of Hanshan Temple is a tributary of the ancient canal. There is a bridge on the river called Jiangcun Bridge, and Hanshan Temple is in the east of the bridge. Jiangcun Bridge is a single-hole stone arch bridge, which was built in the Tang Dynasty. The present semicircular single-hole stone bridge was rebuilt in the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1867). If Jiangcun Bridge didn't have a three-word name, Zhang Ji's poem might be called "Overnight Jiangcun Bridge". Opposite Jiangcun Bridge is Qiao Feng, formerly known as Qiao Feng. Qiao Feng Bridge is just an ordinary crescent-shaped single-hole stone arch bridge in the south of the Yangtze River, with a length of 39.6m, a height of 7m, a width of 4.2m and a span of10m. Founded in the Tang Dynasty, it has a history of at least 1200 years. In the last year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the existing Maple Bridge was rebuilt in the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1867). Its eastern border is connected with Tielingguan, becoming an important land and water military fortress in western Suzhou. According to historical records, in ancient times, it was the main road of land and water transportation, and a grain protection card was set up. Whenever grain is transported northward, the river is blocked, hence the name "bridge closure". The prosperity of Tang Shifeng Bridge has become a great landscape. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qiao Feng reached its peak, with business trips and ships. Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng Bridge are like twin sisters, built on the canal in front of Hanshan Temple, which is the hub of land and water transportation on both sides of the strait. So "Jiangfeng" in the poem should be the abbreviation of Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng Bridge.
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Thirdly, the explanations in monographs and textbooks are contrary to the title of the poem a night-mooring near maple bridge by the poet Zhang Jifu. Zhang Ji, born in Xiangzhou (Xiangzhou District, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province), was a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. In the 12th year of Tianbao (753), he was a scholar. He was a foreign minister of the ancestral department and a judge of Hongzhou Salt and Iron Company. There are only over forty poems in the whole Tang Dynasty. A night-mooring near maple bridge is his most famous poem, which was written when Tianbao lived in Suzhou for fifteen years. Zhang Ji named "a night-mooring near maple bridge" that year, which pointed out the time and place when the poet tied the boat under the Maple Bridge at night, and then expressed his sadness and sadness in his autumn night trip. Therefore, the meaning of "maple" in the poem is consistent with the title. The title "maple" cannot be interpreted as a maple bridge, and the "maple" in the poem cannot be interpreted as a maple tree. Therefore, the explanations in monographs and textbooks obviously go against the poet's original intention.
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Therefore, only by interpreting Jiangfeng as Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng can it conform to the environmental atmosphere of Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the theme of the poet "a night-mooring near maple bridge", the natural characteristics of the small bridges in the south of the Yangtze River and reflect the poet's environment and mood of staying in Qiao Feng overnight.
Author: Xin Wang (senior teacher of Xinzhou No.2 Middle School, member of Shanxi Writers Association)
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Rule number two?
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A night-mooring near maple bridge, written by Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, has been selected by many versions of small language textbooks. "Jiangfeng" is interpreted as "riverside maple" in textbooks, various teaching reference materials and even the notes of Three Hundred Tang Poems. After consulting a large number of materials and visiting Suzhou on the spot, the author proves that this understanding is one-sided and wrong.
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Zhang Ji, a scholar during the reign of Tang Tianbao, was born in Xiangyang and lived in Jiangnan in his early years. There is a Hanshan Temple in Suzhou (that is, Gusu City), whose gate opens to the west. There is a river in front of the door, which flows from north to south. The bridge across the river is on the left side of Hanshan Temple. Not far from the north along the river, there is another arch bridge named Qiao Feng. There is a small town near the bridge, namely Qiao Feng Town, which is five miles away from Hanshan Temple.
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When Zhang Ji went to Beijing to take the exam, he lost his reputation in Sun Shan and had to return to his apartment in Jiangnan from Beijing. I was depressed and unhappy all the way. After crossing Suzhou, it was getting late, so I spent the night on the edge of Qiao Feng town. It was a tossing and turning night and I couldn't sleep. When I got up, I looked south through the ship window. The high-arched Jiangcun Bridge, Qiao Feng Bridge and the small fishing fires on the river are looming. Zhang Ji was full of thoughts, moved by the scenery in front of him and felt even more desperate. At this time, the sound of the night clock came from Hanshan Temple, and the quiet night sounded melodious. Zhang Ji's heart did it one brace up, and his mood was better. He was very happy. He immediately wrote a poem "a night-mooring near maple bridge". From then on, Zhang Ji studied harder, and went to Beijing for the second time to catch the exam, and he really won the Jinshi. Therefore, later generations think that the bell of Hanshan Temple can relieve anxiety and enlighten people.
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It can be seen that "Jiangfeng" in the poem actually refers to "Jiangcun Bridge" and "Qiao Feng Bridge". It does not mean "riverside maple". In Suzhou, there are neither rivers nor maples.
Published in Jiangxi Education Press, Primary School Teaching Research,No. 1 1 in 2002.
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Through the above introduction, everyone must have a deep understanding of the word "Jiang Feng"! Then go to the teacher or classmates to help correct the mistakes!