Quatrain
China's poetic style. Also known as broken sentences, broken sentences and broken poems. Each song has four sentences, usually five or seven words. Known as the five wonders, seven wonders, and occasionally six wonders. It originated from the ballads of the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties. After the Tang Dynasty, quatrains in the near aspect prevailed, and the meter was the same as the first, last or middle four sentences in eight metrical poems. Therefore, some people in the Tang Dynasty attributed quatrains to metrical poems in their poetry collections. Later, some scholars thought that quatrains were formed by cutting off half of orthographic poems. Quatrains are flexible and light, suitable for expressing fleeting thoughts and feelings, widely used by poets, and their creations are more prosperous than others. Jueju is also considered as the Yuefu in Tang Dynasty (which will be explained in detail later).
Lvshi
A modern poem of China. The meter is very strict Originated in the Southern Dynasties, regular poems require the unity of words. Each poem consists of five, six and seven sentences, which are referred to as five, six and seven words for short, of which six words are rare. The usual metrical poems stipulate 8 sentences each. If there are only six sentences, it is called a small law or a three-rhyme poem; More than 8 sentences, that is, 10 sentences, are called exclusive laws or long laws. Usually eight paragraphs are completed, and every two sentences form a couplet, which counts as four paragraphs. It is customary to call the first couplet a title, the second couplet a parallel, the third couplet a neck couplet and the fourth couplet a sentence. The upper and lower sentences of two or three couplets (namely, parallel couplets and neck couplets) of each song must be antithetical sentences. In addition to the first and last couplet, the middle couplet must be duplicated. The dual requirements of secondary laws are more extensive. Rhyme requires the whole poem to rhyme, and the rhyme is limited; The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, the first sentence can be put on or off, and the words of each rhyming sentence are flat. There are "flat rise" and "flat rise" in the upper and lower sentences. In addition, the metrical requirements of metrical poems also apply to quatrains.
In a word, the difference is that quatrains are four sentences and metrical poems are eight.
Poetry in ancient style
Classical poetry, also known as ancient poetry and ancient style, has four words, five words, six words, seven words and miscellaneous words. Later generations often use five words and seven words. Five characters are referred to as "five ancient" and seven characters are referred to as "seven ancient". Classical poetry does not limit the number of sentences, does not seek antithesis, and does not talk much about leveling, so the rhyme is more free.
"Modern Style" Poetry
Compared with classical poetry, modern poetry came into being later, originated in the Southern Dynasties and matured in the early Tang Dynasty. Among them, the metrical poems are fixed in form and rigorous in meter, with eight sentences each. A single sentence is called antithesis, and a double sentence is called antithesis. Together, they are called couplets. One or two sentences are called first couplet, three or four sentences are called parallel couplet, five or six sentences are called neck couplet, and seven or eight sentences are called tail couplet. Parallel couplets and necklaces are generally antithetical. The first sentence can rhyme but not rhyme, usually the rhyme is flat. Five words are called "Five Laws", seven words are called "Seven Laws", and more than ten sentences are called "Exclusion Law". Among them, quatrains are also called quatrains and quatrains. It seems that half of the metrical poems are intercepted, each with four sentences. As far as its specifications are concerned, some of the couplets behind it are antithetical, similar to the first couplet and parallel couplet of regular poems; Some of the front couplets are antithetical, similar to the neck couplets and tail couplets of rhythmic poems; Some of the couplets are antithetical sentences, similar to the couplets and necklaces of metrical poems; Some don't have to type, similar to the first and last couplet of rhyme. The rhyme of a quatrain is two or four sentences, usually flat rhyme. If the first sentence rhymes, it is also flat. There are two kinds of quatrains: five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains, which are referred to as "five-character quatrains" and "seven-character quatrains" for short.
HanYueFu
In the Middle Ages of China, during the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the central government has always set up a special official Yuefu to manage music and songs, and was responsible for collecting and compiling all kinds of music and singing it through poems. These poems sung by music are called Yuefu poems, also called Yuefu for short. Stylistically, Yuefu poems are mainly composed of five words, seven words and miscellaneous words. The sentence pattern is flexible and free, the language is natural and fluent, easy to understand, catchy and full of life breath. His thoughts mainly include: 1, which reflects the pain of ordinary people being enslaved and persecuted by monarchs and officials; 2. It reflects the pain of people being displaced; 3. Criticized the decadent life of the upper class. His artistry mainly includes; 1, narrative elements account for a large proportion, and characters are shaped through narrative. Starting from Yuefu, China's narrative poems began a new era; 2. Bixing is widely used, which is not found in previous poems; 3. There are various forms, including four sentences, five sentences and miscellaneous sentences, and the language is lively. Yuefu folk songs inherit and carry forward the tradition of The Book of Songs, and their ideological content and artistry have reached a high level.
It is different from modern poetry in that sentence patterns are more flexible and free, metaphors are widely used, forms are diverse, and the language is lively. Quatrains and metrical poems pay attention to strict meter, level tone and rhyme, concise language and artistic conception.