Chen Ziang
The hometown is vast and the sunset is lonely.
Chuanyuan lost his old country and entered the border town.
The wilderness is broken and the mountains are ancient and flat.
How to hate at this time. Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.
To annotate ...
(1) This poem was written by the poet when he traveled eastward from Sichuan and passed through Lexiang County.
(2) three: the same as "talking".
Test question
1. Summarize the reasons why poets are homesick.
2. The following analysis of poetry is incorrect ()
A. The poet takes time as a clue to construct the whole poem, which begins at dusk and ends at night.
B. The necklace is painted with the words "No smoke" and "Hiraki", which vividly depicts the darkness.
C. the tail couplet asks itself and answers, writes feelings with scenes, and blends scenes to add endless homesickness.
This poem is as rough and bold as what the poet wrote on the Youzhou rostrum.
Reference answer
1. Solitary sign in a foreign land (agree, score as appropriate).
2.D(2 points)
(3) The title of the poem is "Late Lexiang County". Please summarize the whole poem and analyze how to express "late" in it.
(4) What kind of mood does this poem show the poet?
answer
(3) The sunset in the second sentence is the beginning of time; The description of the "smoke break" ("Mu Ping") in the middle shows that the night is getting deeper; At the end of the sentence, "apes sing at night" directly responds to the homesickness at the beginning of the article with the word "night", ending the whole poem. The whole poem describes feelings with scenery, combines motion and static, and expresses the "late" scenery with time as a clue.
(4) It shows the poet's lonely and desolate mood and strong homesickness. After dusk, it gradually quieted down, and the ape's cry was clear and sad. At this time, the poet is lonely in a foreign country, and endless homesickness arises spontaneously.
Brief introduction of the author
Chen Ziang (about 659-702) was born in Shehong (modern Sichuan). In the first year of Tang Ruizong civilization (684), he was a scholar, and later he was promoted to the right. Later, with Wu Youyi's expedition to Qidan, she made many remonstrances, but they were not adopted and were demoted instead. Chen Ziang once put forward some reform proposals in the political field. In terms of literature, in view of the flashy poetic style in the early Tang Dynasty, he advocated restoring the style of Han and Wei dynasties and opposed the formalistic style of writing since Qi and Liang Dynasties. His own 38 poems, such as Youzhou Tower and Love, are simple and clear in style, desolate and strong, marking the change of poetic style in the early Tang Dynasty. There are Chen Ziang Collection, Old Book of Tang Dynasty circulated in 1900 and New Book of Tang Dynasty circulated in 1007.
Distinguish and appreciate
Most of Chen Ziang's poems express true feelings with plain pen and ink, which are unpretentious, clear and desolate. These five methods are unique in Chen's poems, both in terms of rigorous structure and long rhyme, and deserve attention.
Lexiang County in the poem belongs to Xiangzhou, Shannan Road in the Tang Dynasty, and the old city is 90 miles north of Jingmen, Hubei Province. Judging from the situation written in the poem, this article was written by the poet when he traveled eastward from Sichuan and passed through Lexiang County. "Time" means staying.
The first couplet says that my hometown has long disappeared in the distance, and I am still walking alone in the twilight. "Yi", far away. Starting from the "hometown", the poet inherited the "sunset" and set a sentimental mood for the whole poem to express "only I look to my hometown, and the twilight is getting dark" (Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower). The "boundless" in the first sentence is related to the action of looking back. Although it is Fu, it is out of deep affection. The second sentence takes "solitary sign" as the inheritance of "sunset". The sunset is miserable enough on the road, let alone a person, which is even more bleak. Peel off the following layers and write down a very strong homesickness with a faint pen.
The third sentence inherits the first sentence, and the fourth sentence inherits the second sentence, which makes the feeling of loneliness in a foreign land more concrete. The "old country" in three sentences is the "hometown" in the first sentence. I can't see my hometown, and the rivers and plains I see in front of me are all strange sights, which fascinates me. The "border town" in four sentences refers to a remote city. Lexiang County belonged to Chu State in the pre-Qin period and was a remote place in the Central Plains. "Road", that is, the road of "solitary levy" in the second sentence, finally came to Lexiang City in the twilight.
Then, the poet looked around again: the wisps of smoke from the outdoor garrison building he saw before entering the city had disappeared from his sight; The jagged trees in the deep mountains are also blurred. Writing the night with "broken smoke" and "wooden flat" is very vivid. The cigarette was not broken by itself, but was interrupted by the night; The wood was not really flat, but was flattened by the night. In particular, the word "Ping" is used wonderfully. When Xiao Liang was talking about poetry, Zhong Rong had the so-called "natural English purport" (see Preface to Poetry). The clever and intensive use of the word "Ping" can be said to be the poet's masterstroke, which has won the natural English purport. The beauty of these two sentences is that while writing about the scenery, they also peel off the poet's homesickness. "Wild smoke prevention" and "ancient trees in the mountains" were originally a poor comfort on the lonely expedition road, but at this time they will be swallowed up by the night. Needless to say, with the arrival of the night, the poet's homesickness is getting stronger and stronger.
After writing the above six sentences, the poet has not clearly expressed his feelings. But when he faced the lonely night, his long-suffering feelings could no longer be controlled. A lyrical rhetorical question "How to hate at this time" naturally gurgled out of the overflowing heart lake under the impetus of emotional waves. The poet felt that nothing moved him more than the "cooing" sound of apes in the mountains. The poet asked himself and answered, put away his pen and ink, poured his feelings into the scene and wrote the last sentence of the scene blending. After dusk, it gradually becomes quiet, and the crying is bound to be clear and sad, making the poem deeper and longer and expressing endless homesickness. Judging from the artistic image of the whole poem, the first six sentences appeal to vision, the last one appeals to hearing, and sounds again outside the picture, thus making the simple image have infinite significance. As mentioned earlier, this poem has a long rhyme, which is precisely manifested in the fact that the last sentence contains feelings in the scenery and ends with sound. Need to point out by the way, the last poem is from Shen Yue's poem "Shitang Laise Listening to Apes" in the Southern Dynasties, with the same literal meaning, but written in different situations. Because Chen Ziang is better at employing people than his predecessors, this poem is widely circulated, but little is known about Shen Yue's original poem.
Looking at the structure of the whole poem, it is connected by time as a clue. "Sunset" in the second sentence is the beginning of time; The description of "broken smoke" and "flat wood" in the middle shows that the night is getting thicker; Choose the word "night" directly at the end of the sentence to end the whole poem. The whole article can be divided into two parts: scenery writing and lyric. The first six sentences are about scenery, and the last two sentences are lyrical. According to the needs of lyricism, poets express their feelings by painting into poems and writing scenes, which are connected with each other and naturally close. Thirdly, a rhetorical sentence is inserted into the seventh sentence, which makes the structure of the poem get the beauty of opening and closing turbulence, and the flow and change in rigor are also very interesting. Finally, the sentence answered is the conclusion. At first glance, this is just a question. After careful consideration, we can find that the word "ape singing" in the sentence "yeah" is far from the word "ancient trees in the mountains" in the previous sentence, and the word "night" is related to the title "sunset", and the artistic conception of "night ape singing" accords with the nostalgia of the title. Sentence communication, word association, strict but not dead, alive but not chaotic.
To sum up, this poem has exquisite brushwork and complete structure. Because it uses the technique of expressing feelings in the scenery, it also has the characteristics of containing but not revealing. Compared with the bold and unconstrained brushwork on the Youzhou rostrum, these are naturally very different. But it also enables us to have a more comprehensive glimpse of the poet's rich personality and various artistic talents.