"Qinyuanchun Changsha" comes from the first compulsory unit of the standard experimental textbook of senior high school Chinese curriculum published by People's Education Press. It is the first basic article of the new poetry unit in senior high school, which belongs to in-class listening and reading class. It is clearly pointed out in the new curriculum standard that students should be trained to "initially have the ability to identify and appreciate literary works" New poetry belongs to literary works, and the new poetry unit is the only one in the high school Chinese textbook. Through the study and training of this unit, it is bound to shoulder the heavy responsibility of cultivating students' ability to appreciate new poems.
Poetry reflects life and expresses thoughts and feelings through images, which are the essence of poetry. When analyzing poetry, it is the key to appreciate poetry to guide students to mobilize their own life details, spread the wings of association and imagination, and reproduce, enrich and supplement the images in the works.
It is also because "Qinyuanchun Changsha" adopts the form of "old bottle and new wine" which uses classical characters to write the content of the new era. The language is refined, and every word often contains rich content. It is appropriate to use old knowledge to learn new methods and experience the lyrical characteristics of words in teaching. Accordingly, this lesson has set the following teaching objectives:
Knowledge and ability
1. Master the concepts of new poetry and modern poetry, understand what images are, and appreciate poetry initially.
2. Learn the expressive techniques of borrowing scenery to express emotion.
3. recite poems.
Process and method
1. Study the relationship between traditional culture and poetic imagery, and then interpret poetry.
2. Read the poem repeatedly and experience the emotion contained in the work.
Emotional attitudes and values
Feel the poet's broad feelings and appreciate the poet's historical responsibility of taking the world as his own responsibility.
Poetry reflects life, expresses thoughts and feelings through images, and understanding images is the focus of poetry appreciation; Senior one students have not formed the thinking habit of understanding the artistic conception of poetry through association and imagination, and their understanding of artistic conception is often superficial. Therefore, the teaching focus of this course is to clarify the author's thinking and realize the lyrical characteristics through borrowing scenery. Understanding the grand artistic conception in poetry is a difficult point in teaching.
Second, oral teaching methods
First of all, learning poetry should create a suitable environment atmosphere, so that students can form a perceptual knowledge of poetry in the shortest time. In the process of guiding people, we can intentionally introduce more poems describing autumn scenery, and read and taste them with students to stimulate their enthusiasm for learning.
Secondly, no matter from which angle, analysis and appreciation must be based on students' understanding of poetry. Therefore, it is necessary to read the words repeatedly, so that students can have an overall feeling of the words first.
Thirdly, in poetry, scenery and emotion are closely related and complement each other. That is: the scenery is the skin of affection, emotional and amiable; Love is the soul of this scene, it is light and beautiful. Therefore, the shortcut to interpret poetry is to appreciate the scenery, then grasp the poetry, and then understand the author's feelings. In teaching, autumn scenery's appreciation of this word should be emphasized, but it can't be limited to the analysis of scenery. What's more important is to guide students to observe feelings and the context of the word.
Fifth, high school requires students to understand the structure and characteristics of words better than junior high school. We can do a comparative reading, such as "Qin Yuan Chun Xue", so that students can try to summarize some characteristics of words through comparative analysis, so that students can master relevant knowledge in practice and strengthen it through training.
Sixth, students are required to strengthen reading through what they have learned, so as to achieve the purpose of reciting in class.
Third, theoretical study.
There are still obvious deficiencies in carrying forward personality spirit, enhancing students' subjective consciousness and giving full play to students' subjectivity in Chinese teaching. Students are not active and conscious learners, but teachers regard them as subjects. In order to avoid this situation, let students discuss in groups in class, draw the artistic conception of words independently and bring them into role reading, giving students the initiative in learning, and the teacher only gives simple inspiration and guidance. The combination of pictures and texts allows students to experience the characteristics of lyricism by borrowing scenery and improve their appreciation ability.
Fourth, talk about teaching procedures.
This lesson is divided into two phases, taking beauty reading as a clue and learning three steps (charm, situation and life). The teaching process of this lesson is as follows:
1 Combine the video to associate autumn, and compare the autumn written by the ancients to introduce the autumn written by Mao Zedong.
2. Preliminary reading, dredge vocabulary.
3. Combined with the charm diagram, initially perceive beautiful reading.
4. Enter the second level of American reading, the situation. In other words, when we read poetry, we should read the author's feelings and the artistic conception created by the author.
First of all, to read the author's feelings, we should guide students to understand the author's feelings, so we should also understand the writing background.
Second, solve the problem. Distinguish the name and title of a tablet.
Then, guide the students to find out the important verbs in the words, analyze them in sections, and feel the artistic conception from many images in the words. Mainly solve several problems:
(1) What rhetoric is used in the first three sentences of the word "independence in cold autumn, Xiangjiang going north, Orange Island"? What's the role? Can "independence" be changed to "standing" or "upright"?
By answering this question, students' imagination and association are stimulated, and the standing image and majestic momentum of the lyric hero are highlighted.
(2) Feel the autumn pictures led by the word "look" and answer the questions. What kind of picture is guided by "seeing"? What scenery did the author see? When the author describes these scenes, do you think those words are unique and vivid?
There are many scenes that are not chaotic, from four aspects: mountains, rivers, sky and underwater; Writing from four angles: far view, close view, looking up and looking down, is really "different from far and near"!
Why is "dyeing" used well? Use personification and metaphor. It is written that the layers of forests are dyed and the maple leaves are like fire all over the mountains. It is easy to think of the revolutionary torch that a single spark can start a prairie fire. The revolutionary situation is booming, and "mountains and rivers are everywhere" is likely to start a prairie fire.
Can you change "strike" to "fly"? It can show the powerful momentum of the eagle spreading its wings and fighting the sky.
It seems more accurate to change "Xiang" to "You". How can fish fly like birds?
Rhetorically, this is called "transfer". "Shallow bottom" is not really shallow, but crystal shallow. "You think, the blue sky is reflected in the clear water, which looks like fish swimming in the sky. Isn't swimming in the sky like flying? There is a famous saying in the ancients that "autumn water * * * sky is one color".
(3) What is image? What is artistic conception?
After analyzing Qiu Jingtu in Xiangjiang River, please put yourself in the poet's shoes, experience the poet's "Independent Orange Island", appreciate the beautiful autumn scenery, and combine the expressions and actions when watching these autumn scenery.
Let the students imagine and draw the autumn scenery described by the poet, from words to images.
(4) The ancients wrote that autumn was full of resentment and sadness. Why is Mao Zedong's autumn so colorful and full of vitality? Why is the difference so big?
Judging from Mao Zedong's character and writing background.
The evaluation of poetry depends on artistic conception, and artistic conception depends on personality. No wonder the poet doesn't ask, "Qiu Guang is just right, why revisit it?" However, it unexpectedly raised a serious social problem: lonely corridors, asking the vast land, who is in charge of ups and downs?
(5) "Ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?" It is the "poetic eye" of the whole poem. In this way, Shang Kun raised the question of "Who is in charge of ups and downs" and expressed Mao Zedong's worries.
Let's read the first part together.
(4) In groups of four, study independently and think about the following questions:
A, "Take a hundred couples swimming. What is the role of recalling the past eventful years in the structure?
B. What kind of people are these "classmates and teenagers"?
What are the functions of the last three sentences?
The teacher made it clear: A, "Take a hundred couples swimming. Recalling the eventful years of the past has played a connecting role, and this sentence is called "changing heads" between the lines.
B, these "classmates and teenagers" are all young revolutionaries, including the author. They not only want to dominate the world, but also can dominate it. They are ambitious, talented and dare to practice. They represent the hope of the country and the nation and are the elites of the future revolution. be sure of oneself
C. it is not only an answer to Shang gan's "who is in charge of ups and downs", but also a powerful question to summarize the whole article. -Hero
(5) Summarize, grasp the feelings expressed in words, and experience the artistic characteristics of borrowing scenery to express emotion.
Stand up-look like a hero-ask happily-ask anxiously.
Memory-Confidence-Hero
According to what the students just said: heroic, happy, anxious, confident and heroic (corresponding to verbs one by one), it always depends on the emotional scene of the whole word. Now let's grasp the emotions and go back to the charm map just now. At this time, we can clearly understand why some places need to read quickly, seriously and urgently. Now let's read it again. (Please ask five students to read aloud by relay)
Just now we read out the author's meticulous feelings, which is not enough. The second situation of beautiful reading. We should not only understand our feelings, but also understand the surrounding environment.
3. Life (the third step of beauty reading)
In this heroic word, the author wrote down his feelings, his ideals and ambitions.
What is the author's ambition? Take the world as your responsibility. The author's ideal ambition was not born before he saw autumn scenery.
"Children are determined to go to the countryside, and they will never come back unless they learn to be famous. There is no need to bury their bones in mulberry fields, life is everywhere. "
Students talk about inspiration.
Third, recite.
Fourth, homework
1. Find the emotive words in the text and understand their meanings.
2. Read Qinyuan Spring Snow according to the requirements of American reading.
3. Try to compare the "emotion" and "environment" of the two words, write an article of not less than 300 words, and communicate after class.
Five, say blackboard writing design
Mao Zedong's poems realize the unity of revolutionary political content and perfect artistic form. To study his poems, we should use thinking in images and follow the aesthetic law of "endless words and endless meanings". The graphic teaching method has three advantages: intuition, visualization and integrity. It can clearly show the key points and difficulties, reveal the internal relationship between knowledge, and contribute to the "combination of words, sounds and images" in poetry teaching. By describing autumn scenery in Xiangjiang River and recalling the fighting life in his youth, this word praised the vigorous development of the workers and peasants movement at that time, raised the issue of revolutionary leadership, and artistically expressed Comrade Mao Zedong's brilliant thought about the proletariat mastering leadership. The whole word is divided into two parts: scenery writing, lyric, narrative and lyric, including questions and answers. Illustrations focus on revealing the concept of words, focusing on "seeing", "asking", "remembering" and "remembering" respectively. Through the broad artistic conception of Late Autumn, Comrade Mao Zedong's lofty ambition of taking the world as his responsibility is set off. The scenery is lyrical and the scene blends, which not only highlights the theme, but also embodies the writing method.