This poem was written when the poet was demoted to Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan) for the first time. Although he was demoted, he was not pessimistic and depressed. With his courage and courage, he expressed his optimism and high-spirited enterprising spirit by praising the beauty of autumn. With unrestrained, enthusiastic and vivid pictures, it enthusiastically praises the beauty of autumn scenery and sings a high-spirited and inspirational song. The poet deeply understands that the essence of autumn sadness in ancient times is that people with lofty ideals are frustrated, disappointed with reality, and pessimistic about the future. Therefore, in autumn, we only see depression, feel lonely and lifeless. Although the poet sympathizes with their experiences and situations, he does not agree with their pessimistic sentiments. In response to this lonely feeling, a passionate praise for autumn was issued. The first two sentences of the poem "Since ancient times, autumn has been sad and lonely, I say that autumn is better than spring." It goes against the sentiment of others who have always been sad for autumn. It uses contrasting techniques to enthusiastically praise autumn, saying that autumn is better than the spring when all things sprout and thrive. . Emphasize that autumn is not lifeless, but very alive. Since Song Yu left the famous line "Sadness is the Qi of autumn" in "Nine Bian", "Sadness for Autumn" has become an occupational disease for poets. Sadness has become a color and an emotion of autumn; Literati of past dynasties have left many works of sadness in autumn. Du Fu's "Ascend the High" "A guest thousands of miles away in sorrow and a long autumn, and a hundred years of illness alone on the stage" is a portrayal of the poet's life. It describes that the poet often wandered and stayed under the fence of others, and shed tears after feeling his life experience. The sorrow of old age caused by the intertwining of wandering and hardship and the difficulties of the world, although it started in a moment, it has written a lifetime of sorrow. Zhang Ji's "Night Mooring on the Maple Bridge" describes a dark and quiet picture of sleeping on the Autumn River at night, expressing the frustration of the poet's official career and the loneliness and melancholy during the journey. Feelings. In Liu Yong's "Yulin Ling", "Sentiment has hurt parting since ancient times, and how can it be left out in the Qingqiu Festival" with the desolate and desolate autumn scenery to set off the poet's inseparable feelings of separation and the sadness of frustrated career. This poem goes in the opposite direction, praising the beauty of autumn with a distinct attitude, showing an exciting and upward poetic sentiment. "I speak" expresses a kind of confidence and pride. "Victory in the Spring Dynasty" has also become the poet's full recognition of the autumn scenery. In 828 AD, when he was called back to the capital again, he composed another song "Revisiting Xuandu Temple", "Where do Taoist priests who grow peach go? Liu Lang who once visited him is here again" with a more stubborn attitude than the previous one. After being demoted for thirteen years, he is still as heroic as ever. When he and Bai Juyi ascended the pagoda of Qiling Temple, he also uttered the optimistic poem "Suddenly laughing for a long time in the sky, and countless tourists lifted up before my eyes." In the face of powerful people and villains, he showed his arrogance. In the last two lines of the poem, "A crane flies above the clouds in the clear sky, it leads the poetic mood to the blue sky." The poet seizes the unique landscape of "a crane flying in the clouds" in autumn to show the open scene of clear autumn air, clear sky and white clouds. The soaring crane carries the poet's emotions soaring through the sky. The word "Pai" creates a magnificent picture full of color and vitality. In the clear autumn sky, the cranes flying high in the sky are soaring through the clouds, vigorous and vigorous, showing off their great ambitions. The poet uses the crane as a metaphor for himself, and the crane becomes the unyielding incarnation of the poet. It seems that we can see the vigorous posture of the crane dancing in the sky, struggling tenaciously, breaking through the chill of autumn, and getting rid of the shackles of the world. The surging poetic sentiment bursts out from the author's heart, soaring into the sky like a white crane. The poet's optimistic attitude, high fighting spirit and enterprising spirit are also reflected in the lines. It also expresses the poet's heroic spirit and noble sentiments in fighting for his ideals, giving people a profound sense of beauty and fun. The ancients used cranes to show their ambitions and there were many poems that expressed their thoughts. In "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya", there is a line "The crane crowed in Gao, and the sound was heard in the wild", describing the sweetness of the crane's sound. The poem "Yellow Crane Tower" written by Cui Hao of the Tang Dynasty, "People in the past have gone on the yellow crane, and the Yellow Crane Tower is empty here. Once the yellow crane is gone, it will never return, and the white clouds will remain empty for thousands of years." The world has long been familiar with it. Su Shi, the great writer of the Song Dynasty, uses cranes as images in many of his poems, which are rich in meaning and thought-provoking. For example, in "The Crane-Flying Pavilion", the poet greatly admired the crane's character of "taking care of it as an object, roaming in the clear distance, transcending the dust"; after the "Wutai Poetry Case" occurred, the author even described himself as a solitary crane. Metaphor: "A solitary crane came across the river from the east. It had wings like wheels and wore silk clothes. It roared suddenly and flew to the boat to the west." The solitary crane roared and flew across the river. It had no hesitation and no greed, expressing the poet's strong feelings. Personal emotions. The ancients loved cranes not only because of their beautiful appearance, but more importantly because of their unique individual qualities. The poet also has an "autumn poem": "The mountains are clear and the water is clear, frost comes at night, and several trees are deep red and light yellow. Try going up to a tall building and it is so clear to the bones, it is like the spring scenery that drives people crazy." The poet praises the autumn scenery to praise the innocence of sentiment. Liu Yuxi and his poetic style are quite unique. He has a resolute character and a heroic spirit. During the years of suffering and exile, he never despaired and always had the soul of a fighter beating. Bai Juyi highly praised the high morale shown in the two lines in his "Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" "Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of spring trees in front of the diseased trees". In his later years, he wrote a poem: "The grass on the horse's side is quivering with fists, and the eagle's blue clouds are drowsy and the eyes are open." The poem is written in a high-spirited style, with an exciting style, and has the power to uplift and encourage people to improve. Most of his poems, whether short or long, are simple and lively, with a handsome style. There is a kind of philosopher's wisdom and poet's sincerity permeating them, and they are full of artistic tension and majestic momentum. The language of poetry is fresh, meaningful, cheerful, fluent, thoughtful, and subtle. It is full of philosophical implications and artistic charm, is thought-provoking, and makes people chant. This "Autumn Poems" is powerful and magnificent in artistic conception. It integrates description of scenery, lyricism and reasoning. It uses contrast and personification to appear vivid and cleverly conceived. It has both philosophical implications and artistic charm, which is thought-provoking and chantable.
French writer Balzac said: "Art is the crystallization of ideas, and works of art are astonishingly concentrating the largest amount of ideas in the smallest area." This poem by Liu Yuxi is bright and bright, with beautiful rhythm. Showing a high spirit and broad mind, he sang an extraordinary autumn song and left us with a rare spiritual wealth.
Source: Modern Chinese·Teaching Research