1. Translation and appreciation of Tao Hongjing's "Tao Hongjing"
Hope it will be adopted~
Original text
The beauty of mountains and rivers has been talked about since ancient times. The peak reaches the clouds and the clear stream reaches the bottom. The stone walls on both sides of the bank are in five colors. Green forests and green bamboos are available for all seasons. The mist is about to subside at dawn, and the apes and birds are chirping wildly; the sunset is about to fade, and the sunken scales are leaping and dancing. It is really the fairyland of the world of desire. Since the beginning of Kangle, there has never been anything more amazing than it. (Sunset, one work: Yang)
Translation and annotations
Translation The beauty of the mountains and rivers has been praised by literati since ancient times. The majestic peaks tower into the clouds, and the clear streams are crystal clear. The colorful stone walls on both sides complement each other. Green trees and emerald bamboo forests last for all seasons. When the morning mist is about to dissipate, the chirping of apes and birds comes one after another; when the sun is about to set, the fish swimming in the water rush to jump out of the water. This place is truly a fairy on earth.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Different meanings of ancient and modern times ① All four seasons are available (the ancient meaning of the time is: the current meaning of the season is: time) (the ancient meaning is: the current meaning is available) : ready, equipped) ②The dawn fog is about to break (Xie Gu meaning: dissipate; present meaning: rest) (Xiao Gu meaning: early morning; present meaning: know) ③The sunset is about to fall (Decai ancient meaning: fall; present meaning: depression, dejection) ④ The word "talk" (ancient meaning: praise, modern meaning: talk) has multiple meanings and ----- there is no one who can compare with it: Shen. 2. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete each question: Qi Zhenbin got the gold and returned it to Xiku Qi Youzhen (zhēn
Sub-question 1: A
Sub-question 2: Wrap it with a handkerchief
Question 3: (1) The monk gave him half of the gold as a reward. The two refused and exchanged their offers for more than ten times, but Zhen Bin refused to accept it. (2) In May, he still wore a fur coat and carried firewood. The man turned out to be a gentleman who never lost his money!
Question 4: (1) Picking up things that others have lost (2) Easily getting them (3) Making up for missing things (4) Questions about official titles in the Tang Dynasty 5: The character of a person is best seen when he is alone. Qi Zhenbin’s redemption of Ma Ramu shows his poverty. If there is money left behind by others in the Ma Ramu, he is not greedy and resolutely returns it, and does not accept ill-gotten gains. He has a unique character. Once he becomes an official, he will naturally serve the country and the people with integrity.
Question 1: (B. Quality/C. Hostage/D. At dawn/E. Tong "锧", in ancient times. Torture instrument. Chopping board for killing)
Question 2: None
Question 3: None
Question 4: None
Question 5: None
Translation
During the Qi Dynasty, there was a man named Zhen Bin who had noble qualities and outstanding talents. He once arrived with a bunch of ramie. Xiku, the governor of Jingzhou, pledged some money, and later used the money to redeem the ramie. When he came back, he found five taels of gold wrapped in a handkerchief. Zhen Bin returned the gold to the monk in charge of Xiku. He said: "Recently, someone used gold as a mortgage for money. Because I was in a hurry, I didn't remember where I put it. After the donor found it, he could return it. This is probably something that has never happened since ancient times." The monk used half of it. The gold was given to him as a reward, and the two declined more than ten times. Zhen Bin refused to accept it. The monk said with admiration: "A man who still wears a fur coat and carries firewood on his back in May weather is actually a gentleman who doesn't know how to pick up gold!" Later Zhen Bin said When he was appointed as the magistrate of Pixian County, he went to bid farewell to Emperor Taizu. At the same time, there were five officials who went to bid farewell. Emperor Taizu warned them to keep their integrity, but he only said to Zhen Bin: "You have a good reputation in the past for paying back money, so I don't need to tell you these words." 3. Translation and appreciation of Tao Hongjing's "Tao Hongjing"
Original text:
The beauty of mountains and rivers has existed since ancient times* **Talk. The peak reaches the clouds, and the clear stream reaches the bottom. The green forests and green bamboos on both sides of the river are all in harmony. Since the beginning of Kangyue, there has been no one like this.
Translation:
The beauty of mountains and rivers has been talked about and appreciated by scholars since ancient times. The peaks reach into the sky, the water is crystal clear, and the cliffs on both sides are colorful and complement each other. The green dense forests and green bamboos last all year round. Every morning, when the night fog is about to dissipate, you can hear the roar of apes and birds. The birds are chirping wildly; every evening, when the sun is about to set, you can see fish jumping in the water. This is truly a paradise on earth! Since Xie Lingyun, no one has been able to be in this strangely beautiful landscape. 3. Comments: There are so many things happening in one day that you will forget to look back at it immediately.
Appreciation:
This "The Beauty of Mountains and Rivers" is a short note written by Tao Hongjing of the Southern Dynasties to Zhongshu when he was living in the mountains and forests in his later years. It moves with stillness. The full text of the original title "A Letter of Thanks to Zhongshu" has only 68 words. He used concise language to describe the beauty of the water and trees in the south with the dusk of the mountains and rivers and the changes of the four seasons. The diction is fresh and meaningful, the language is concise and vivid, and the scene is conveyed with emotion. , with flying spirit, sonorous tones and distinct rhythm, it contains both poetic meditation, painting colors and musical rhythm, just like a beautiful landscape painting.
At the beginning of the article, the author used people's attitude towards mountains and rivers to write "The beauty of mountains and rivers has been talked about since ancient times", and then "The peaks reach into the clouds, and the clear streams bottom out. The stone walls on both sides are in five colors. Green forests and green bamboos, "The four seasons are all available." This sentence is a general description. The author firmly grasps the characteristics of Jiangnan scenery: mountains, flowing clouds, streams, green forests, green bamboos... using the technique of line drawing and a little coloring, a picture of Jiangnan is formed. Beautiful pictures of mountains and rivers.
"The dawn fog is about to break, and apes and birds are chirping wildly. The sunset is about to fade, and the sunken scales are jumping." The author chose two shots with a strong sense of picture: the dawn fog and the sunset to describe and render them.
At dusk and sunset, it is another beautiful landscape. The afterglow of the setting sun saves the earth, and the gurgling streams are rippling with blue waves; light and shadow are cleverly softened together, and it is difficult to tell which is the water under the light and which is the light in the water; naughty brocade scales look for food and play at the bottom of the water from time to time. They jump out of the water from time to time, stirring up ripples and rippling in circles on the far shore. Being alone like this, in the beautiful scenery, consciously or unconsciously integrated into the beautiful nature, we can't help but have this question: Could the legendary fairyland on earth be here? Otherwise, why would it be so quiet and refined, without a trace of human fireworks? The language is clear, simple, vivid and vivid, leaving readers with plenty of room for imagination.
The whole article contains landscapes and bamboo forests, dawn mist and sunset, apes and birds... There are metaphors, exaggerations, personifications, both positive and negative descriptions, and there are endless fun and truths. Completely full of life. After reading this article, I feel that I have no mind at all. I am outside things, but my mind is pure and clear! The last sentence expresses the lamentation of the author's desolate heart. 4. King Kong Zhuo, banana fan, Li Daozu, Li Hentian
King Kong Zhuo, banana fan, Li Daozu, Li Hentian. Solve three Arabic numerals - Answer: 983.
Vajra Numu
jīn gāng nǔ mù
Explanation describes the appearance of being mighty and formidable.
The source is from Volume 174 of "Taiping Guangji" quoted from Song Dynasty Pang Yuanying's "Talking about Xue Daoheng": "Xue Daoheng, the minister of the Sui Dynasty, visited Kaishan Temple in Zhongshan and said to the young monk: 'What is King Kong Nu? Eyes? Why does a Bodhisattva lower his eyebrows? "The young monk replied: "The Vajra has eyes, so he subdues the four demons; the Bodhisattva has low eyebrows, so he is compassionate to the six paths."
The subject of the structure is not correct. Form idiom
Used as object and attributive; to describe a mighty and formidable face
Synonyms: Vajra's angry eyes
Example sentence Banqiao, Xinyu Before writing, first have intention For Liu Jiang, ~, it is my strength to apologize. ◎Volume 4, 5, of Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua" in the Qing Dynasty. What things about Yang Dayan wrote about him in "Talk about Sou"
Volume 191 of "Taiping Guangji" includes "Talk about Sou" " records the story of Yang Dayan: Yang Dayan of the Later Wei Dynasty was the grandson of Di Nandang of Wudu. He had little courage and jumped away like flying. When the great ancestor Li Chongdian was recruiting officials during his southern expedition, Dayan asked for help. He refused. Dayan said. "The minister didn't know it, so he came up with a skill for the minister." Then he tied a rope three feet long, tied it into a bun, and walked away. The rope was as straight as an arrow, and the horse couldn't catch it. Everyone who saw it was amazed. Chong said: "In thousands of years, there has never been such a talented person. This person." Then he was appointed as the commander of the army. He was later moved to assist the general of the country. When Wang Suchu returned to the country, he said to Big Eyes: "When I heard your name in the south, I thought my eyes were like wheels. Today ("Jin" is originally "order", according to The Ming Dynasty manuscript, the Xu edition, and the Huang edition) see that it is no different from the human eye." Da Yan said: "If the flags and drums are facing each other, the angry eyes are full of fear, which is enough to make you die, why should it be as big as a wheel?" As a result, I thought Zhang Guan was nothing more than... *** wrote two things. The first text starts from the beginning and ends with "then used as the military leader". It describes how he was promoted to the "military leader"; What follows is the second thing, saying that others thought he had "eyes like wheels" to describe his bravery in a side narrative. 6. What kind of things did Yang Dayan write about him in "Talk about Sou"
The 191st volume of "Taiping Guangji" includes the things about Yang Dayan recorded in "Talk about Sou":
Yang Dayan of the Later Wei Dynasty was the grandson of Di Nandang of Wudu. He has little courage and jumps away like flying. During Emperor Gaozu's southern expedition, Li Chongdian selected officials with big eyes.
Qiu Yan. Rushing is not allowed. Big Eye said: "The Minister doesn't know what he is doing, so I'm going to show him a skill for him." So he tied a rope three feet long into a bun and walked away. The rope was as straight as an arrow, and the horse couldn't catch it. Everyone who sees it is amazed. Chong said: "For thousands of years, there has never been anyone as talented as this." So he became the military leader. A little while
Moved to auxiliary country general. When Wang Suchu returned to the country, he said to Big Eyes: "When I heard your name in the south, I thought my eyes were like wheels. Jin ("Jin" original work
"Ling", modified according to the Ming manuscript, Xu block edition, and Huang block edition ), it is no different from the human eyes. "Big Eyes said: "If you look at each other with angry eyes and work hard, it is enough to frighten your soul. Why should it be as big as a wheel?" I thought Zhang Guan was no good.
*** wrote two things. The first one started and ended with "Suiyong became the military leader". It wrote about how he was promoted to the "military leader"; The second thing is that others think he has "eyes like wheels" to describe his bravery in a side narrative.
7. Classical Chinese text reading, read the following classical Chinese text and complete the following questions
(1)B "There is a person who holds tea coupons for up to three million yuan" is an attributive postposition, modifying "yuanli". After the sentence is segmented, A and C are excluded; "Zhi" is a pronoun and serves as the object of "白". After the sentence is segmented, D is excluded. The sentence is translated as: A palace official brought a tea coupon worth three million yuan and claimed that It was Yang Jian's decree that he needed to receive urgently. As soon as Mei Zhizhi saw it, he knew it was a fake and wanted to expose it. Bi, the minister and deputy chief hesitated, so he went ahead alone to report it. It turned out to be a fraud. (2) C The concept of the Sixth House is a fraud. In the Tang Dynasty, it no longer specifically refers to the queen, but generally refers to the concubines. (3) C "I punished the wife of the supervisor and the Huangmen with a cane". The original text is "I ordered to blame the wife of Dianbao and used the rod to punish the Huangmen." It means punishing the wife of the supervisor. , Xingzhang Xiaohuangmen. (4) ① Dang: to reach; nai: unexpectedly. The sentence is translated as: This county is not worth a city in Su and Hang, but the salt tax is many times more than the millet tax. How can the people bear it? .②Covered in the dust: suffer disaster; cause death: sacrifice one's life. The sentence is translated as: The emperor suffered disaster, and his subjects were willing to sacrifice their lives, even if they were bruised and bruised, but where is the gold and silk? Answer: (1) B (2) C (3) C (4) ① This county is not as big as Su and Hang, but the tax on salt is many times higher than the tax on grain. How can the people bear it? ② The emperor suffered a disaster , the subjects are willing to sacrifice their lives, even if they are killed, but where is the gold and silk? Reference translation: Mei Zhili, courtesy name Hesheng. The great minister Cheng Qiang Yuanming felt that he was a very capable person, so he recommended him to the prime minister. The prime minister cited not having met him as the reason for his dissatisfaction with the recommendation. Mei Zhili listened. After talking about this matter, he said: If you gain something because of other people's words, you must lose something because of other people's words. It is enough for me to pursue gains through my own improvement. In the end, I will not pay homage to the prime minister. As a minister, a palace official brought tea coupons worth three million yuan, claiming that it was Yang Jian's decree and needed to collect it urgently. As soon as Mei Zhili saw it, he knew it was a fake and wanted to expose it. When he hesitated, he submitted the report on his own. It turned out to be a fraud. He was promoted to the position of Zhongshu Sheren and given to Shizhong. Meng Changling mortgaged his house in Yun to others and should redeem it but refused to pay the ransom, and requested an edict to change it; Zhang You supervised the renovation of the Ancestral Temple, and resorted to deception to obtain rewards: these were not carried out due to Mei Zhili's refutation. He was moved to the Ministry of Rites. He was always friendly with Wang Fu. Wang Fu once held banquets in his residence to show off his prosperity. The prostitutes and concubines in the garden were arrogant. Mei Zhili said: "As the prime minister, you should share the joys and sorrows of the world. Now Fang La is doing evil in the land of Wu and is full of devastation. Where is the time for singing, dancing and feasting now?" After retreating, He also admonished him with poems. Wang Fu became angry because of shame. The next year, he was transferred to Chuzhou. At that time, the salt tax was in deficit, and Chuzhou was also suffering from the forced taxation and taxation. Classical Chinese reading answer Mei Zhili, with the courtesy name Hesheng. He was a wise man, and he spoke for the prime minister. Classical Chinese reading answer Mei Zhili, whose courtesy name was Hesheng. The great minister Cheng Qiangyuan was a wise man, and he spoke for the prime minister. Mei Zhili said: "This place is not as good as Suzhou and Hangzhou." But the tax on salt was many times higher than the tax on millet. How could the people bear it?" He asked the court for instructions and ordered a reduction of 200,000 yuan. The people of Chuzhou were grateful for his benevolence. Qinzong ascended the throne and was appointed as the Minister of Household Affairs. When the war broke out and tax collection was insufficient, Mei Zhili requested that the money in the Forbidden Palace be allocated to relevant departments. All supplies from the Sixth Palace could only be distributed after excessive expenditure. Once, a little Huangmen came to the palace holding the approval document. The Ministry of Revenue withdrew the money, but there was no seal on the seal. After realizing that there was a mistake, he went back and stamped it again. Mei Zhili presented a review and ordered the lady who managed the seal to be punished and the Huangmen. Jin man to be beaten with a cane. During the siege of Kyoto, Mei Zhili persuaded the emperor to personally conquer the city, and asked the emperor, empress, and prince to take refuge in the capital. The ministers in power stopped them. When the capital fell, the Jin people used the emperor as a hostage and demanded hundreds of millions of dollars. Jin Silk said: "The peace agreement has been signed. As long as we meet all our requirements, we will send the emperor back to the capital." Mei Zhili and his colleagues sympathized with the people's poverty and discussed with each other: "The desires of the Jin people have no limit, they are copper and iron." I can't give it to you either." The eunuch who had a grudge in the past told Jin Shuai: "There are seven million households in the city, but less than one percent has been collected. The people are only allowed to exchange gold and silver for millet and wheat. The people should be willing to pay. Qian's classical Chinese reading answer Mei Zhili, whose courtesy name is Hesheng. The great minister Cheng Qiangyuan is a wise man, and he is the prime minister's speech. The article's classical Chinese reading answer is Mei Zhili, whose courtesy name is Hesheng. The great minister Cheng Qiangyuan is a wise man, and is a prime minister. The words of the prime minister are from this. Please keep this link for reprinting." It turned out to be true. The enemy leader was angry and rebuked Mei Zhili, and replied: "The emperor was humiliated, and his subjects were willing to die to save him, even if they were ruined, they would not hesitate to do so. However, Where is the gold and silk? I saw that the house was empty and there was nothing to use to complete the task." The enemy leader became even more angry and brought his adjutants up and gave them a hundred sticks each. Mei Zhizhi also asked for their orders. Soon he was sent back to the capital. When he was about to go to the door, he called him He dismounted and beat him to death, and his head was hung in public display. It was February of the second year of Jingkang. On that day, the sky was dark, and the people were weeping and sighing. He was forty-nine years old when he died. 8. Translation of ancient Chinese - Tan Long. Record
Hong Sheng (zi Fangsi), a native of Qiantang, has lived in Xinchengmen for a long time and is my friend.
One day we were discussing together at the house of Sikou (Wang Shizhen). Regarding poetry, Hong Fangsi hated the popular poetry that was unstructured and said: "Isn't poetry just like a dragon? If the head, tail, claws, horns, scales, and hyena are all missing, it’s not a dragon.
Sikou said with a smile: "Shiying is like a dragon. You can see the head but not the tail. Sometimes only one claw and one scale are exposed in the clouds. How can you see the whole thing?" What can be seen in its entirety is made of human sculptures and paintings. "
I said: "Shenlong, it can stretch and change, and it has no fixed shape. What I saw in a trance may be a scale and a claw, but the head and tail of the dragon are intact and still exist (can be inferred from the scales and claws).
If you are deceived by what you see and think that the complete dragons are carved and painted, you have no excuse. ".