Don Chen Ziang
No one can see the ancient wisdom of the ancient king, only those wise men who can't see the afterlife can see it.
Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness.
This short poem is regarded as the swan song of early Tang poetry and Chen Ziang's masterpiece. In this short poem, it contains a broad realm, vigorous style and vicissitudes.
Unfortunately and melancholy, Chen Ziang stepped onto the stage of writing poetry.
If you don't introduce the author, it is not difficult to imagine from this short poem with a stone voice that the poet who can make such a high-pitched and distant method must be a strange man and a man of indomitable spirit. It is true that Chen Ziang, who lived in the transitional period from the early Tang Dynasty to the prosperous Tang Dynasty, was born in a wealthy family. Influenced by his family background, he was "a noble family at first, chivalrous and arrogant" (Lu Zangyong: Chen Chuan). Zi Ang is a man of temperament and impulsive. When he was young, he yearned for the chivalrous spirit of speaking out bravely, and at that time he was already holding the ambition of making contributions. He pays attention to social reality and military affairs. At the beginning of his official career, he ignored people's whispers and, with the courage of a politician, made various suggestions to Wu Zetian many times, criticizing the current disadvantages, hoping to help the country. Wu Zetian knows Chen Ziang's talent, and it is said that she also has a good reputation of loving others, but the suspicious queen always regards Chen Ziang as a gorgeous but always empty ornament in her political life, and doesn't really believe in reusing him.
"Youzhou Tower" was written in the year of Long Live Wu Zetian (AD 697). According to Lu Zangyong's "Biography of Chen", he conquered the Khitan from Wu Youyi this year and served as a staff officer in the army. At that time, the war situation was unfavorable to the Wu Zhou Dynasty. Wu Youyi is a mediocre and incompetent person. As soon as the war started, the former army suffered a crushing defeat, the camp shook and people were in panic. Although Chen Ziang is a junior officer in the army, he can't bear to sit back and watch the defeat. He stood up and persuaded Wu Youyi, and put forward different operational strategies. Wu Youyi, who was born in a noble family but didn't know anything about military affairs, instead of taking Chen Ziang's advice, became angry from embarrassment and demoted Chen Ziang to sergeant, which greatly hurt the sentimental man's heart. Seeing that the ideal of serving the country could not be realized, Chen Ziang, who was in a sad mood, boarded Youzhou Taiwan. He remembered Yan Zhaowang, who accepted wise men in the Warring States Period, and wrote this song "On the Youzhou Tower" in grief and indignation.
Guo Kui, a veteran, became a "horse bone" and Yan Zhaowang established the Huang Jintai.
Youzhou is one of the twelve ancient states, which is today's Beijing. Youzhoutai is the Huang Jintai built by Yan Zhaowang of Yan State during the Warring States Period. The purpose of Yan Zhaowang's construction of Huang Jintai was to recruit talents, so it was named after the gold. Yan Zhaowang's teacher Guo Kun became the first gifted scholar in Yan Zhaowang.
Yan Zhaowang drew a picture of Huang Jintai recruiting talents and scholars, which came from the classic novel Biography of Seven Heroes in the Spring and Autumn Period.
In the seventh year of Qi Xuanwang (3 14 BC), civil strife broke out in Yan State, which was caused by the whim of the monarch of Yan State, who wanted to emulate the demise of Yao and Shun in ancient legends. Give the throne to Xiangguozi. The prince naturally refuses to accept it. He contacted a general to attack and beg for it. The bonfire of war ignited in the capital of Yan State, causing numerous casualties. Qi Xuanwang, the monarch of Qi State, saw the civil strife in Yan State and felt that he had an opportunity, so he ordered his generals to lead an army to attack Yan State. Yan was caught off guard and didn't want to fight at all. He didn't even close the door of the capital. Qi army marched in, captured his son alive, chopped him into a paste, and killed the prince of Yan, and the state of Yan almost perished. Under the strong * * * of the Yan people, the Qi army withdrew from the territory of Yan. The people of the State of Yan made Prince Ping the Prince of Yan, and he was Yan Zhaowang. After Yan Zhaowang acceded to the throne, he never forgot Qi's revenge on Yan. He wants to recruit talents from all over the world and help him realize the desire of revenge for a powerful country, but Yan's geographical location is remote and its national strength is weak, such as? In order to attract talents who are truly capable of governing the country? Yan Zhaowang visited Guo Kun, an old minister of his country, and talked with him about his ideas. Guo Kun said: "I don't know about recommending ready-made talents. Allow me to tell a story first. In ancient times, there was a monarch who liked swift horses. He sent someone to look everywhere, but he couldn't find it for three years. A courtier found a precious swift horse somewhere in the distance and told the monarch that he could buy it back by giving him 1200 gold.
The monarch was very happy and sent his courtiers to buy 1200 gold. Unexpectedly, when the courtiers arrived, Maxima had died of illness. The courtiers thought it was not good to go back empty-handed, so they took out half the gold they brought and bought the horse bones back. The courtiers presented the horse bones to the monarch, who flew into a rage and said,' I want you to buy a live horse. Who told you to pay for the useless horse bones? The courtiers said unhurriedly,' People have heard that the emperor is willing to spend money to buy dead horse bones, and you are afraid that no one will send live horses? The monarch will no longer blame his courtiers. As soon as the news spread, everyone thought that the monarch really loved maxima. Within a year, several maxima were sent from all directions. ? If Wang Yi insists on recruiting talents, let me try. "
After Yan Zhaowang returned, he built a magnificent palace according to Guo Kun's idea, and then chose an auspicious day, held a grand ceremony, respectfully invited Guo Kun to live in the new palace, and visited him every day. Yan Zhaowang also built a high platform on the bank of Yishui to attract the world's wise men. Thousands of gold were put on the platform as gifts to the wise. This high platform is the famous Huang Jintai.
When the world's talents heard that they were invited, they went to Yan to inquire. One of the most famous is Le Yi, a native of Zhao. After arriving in Yan, he worshipped Yaqing and asked him to rectify the state affairs and train the army. Yan is becoming stronger and stronger? Later, Yan's army, led by Le Yi, marched in and occupied most of Qi's territory, retaliating against the civil strife in which Qi invaded Yan. The great poet Li Bai once talked about this historical event in his famous Hard to Walk:
Have you seen the former prince of Yan? He respects talents, builds high platforms and provides gold to talented people. Bend down and sweep the floor to welcome them? ?
Juxin and Le Yi were grateful for their kindness. They tried their best to serve the monarch with their talents.
The king's bones have been buried. Who will sweep the floor of the golden platform again? .
It's hard to go. Come back.
Corporal Yan Zhaowang's courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame, no doubt about employing people, finally realized his desire of revenge for the powerful country, and he himself successfully became one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period.
Why did Chen Ziang cry on the stage of Youzhou?
"I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, and my tears fall." If we only regard Chen Ziang's mournful crying as his own unfulfilled selfish ambition, then we underestimate this great poet, and this poem will not get such praise from readers of all ages. The little golden sparrow crows only for its smallness, and it is mixed with sorrow and joy. But people who really have ideals and ambitions, such as Chen Ziang, can't be vulgar, and the words of worrying about the country and the people can't sum up Chen Ziang's feelings at that time.
Chen Ziang, who lived in prosperous times, never met a monarch like Yan Zhaowang. Because he insisted on his own ideas in politics and dared to speak out, saying that the emperor pointed out Chen's abuses, he was repeatedly rejected and suppressed and was sent to join the army twice. His talents were not displayed, and he was framed by cruel officials and died in prison at the age of 42.
The poet is dead and the poem is still alive. This may be God's best and final reward for poets.
Knowledge hall
Youzhoutai: Jibei Building, also known as Yantai and Huang Jintai, was built in Yan Zhaowang to attract talents, so it is located in Daxing District, Beijing, and there is still a historic site of "Golden Platform Sunset".
Le Yi: Born in Lingshou, Zhongshan (now northwest of Lingshou, Hebei), he was an outstanding strategist at the end of the Warring States Period. Yang Le, the ancestor of Yang Yue, was the general of Wei Wenhou, the founding monarch of Wei. He led troops to capture Zhongshan and was sealed in Lingshou for his merits. After his death, Yang Le was buried in Lingshou. Since then, his descendants have settled here for generations. After the restoration of Sun Yat-sen, it was destroyed by King Wuling of Zhao, and Le Yi became a member of the State of Zhao. When Zhao Wuling was young, he came to Wei as a doctor to avoid the "Dune Chaos". Later, when he heard that he wanted to recruit talents, he took the opportunity to go to Yan. Yan Zhaowang treated Le Yi with courtesy, while Le Yi humbly gave in? Finally, Yan Zhaowang's sincerity moved him, and he promised to be a minister. Yan Zhaowang was named Le Yi Yaqing. Later, the soldiers of Zhao, Chu, Han and Wei joined forces to cut Qi, defeated the Qi army, captured 72 cities of Qi, and almost destroyed Qi. As revenge, they were named "Chang".