It's cold in always in my heart
Bai Juyi
It's quiet in the cold moon,
Autumn frost wants to start a prophet,
The tailor's scissors at the bottom of the lamp are cold.
Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Poems
Bai Juyi wrote a large number of poems reflecting the life, fate and pain of feudal women in his life. This poem by always in my heart shows that young women in the boudoir miss their husbands. The first two sentences of this poem are about the lonely scene in late autumn, and the last two sentences are about the long yearning. His feelings are expressed through his meticulous feelings about things.
A bridal chamber refers to a deep house, which is located at the back of many houses in the house, and is usually occupied by rich families and their wives. The bedroom is already deep and illuminated by the cold moonlight, so it is more quiet. The curtain is called a real bead curtain, which only shows that it is luxurious and commensurate with the bridal chamber. Bridal chamber and bead curtain all imply their identity by describing the environment. "Wutong Shadow" not only reflects the above "cold moon", but also implicitly refers to the following "autumn frost". Because there is no moon, there is no shadow. In autumn, Wutong is the first to fall leaves in the tree. The so-called "one leaf falls and you know the autumn of the world". The first two sentences describe the scenery so deserted and people so lonely, which closely relates to the so-called cold boudoir's resentment in the title.
In this lonely moonlight, in a quiet house, the person in the curtain was still asleep, and she was cutting clothes with scissors in her hand. Suddenly, she felt the scissors cold, and even her hands felt stiff. Only then did I realize that it was late autumn and it was going to frost. Autumn frost is coming, jade hand prophet. Late at night in late autumn, it was this young woman in the boudoir who prepared to send it to a distant husband. (In the Tang Dynasty, the system of government soldiers stipulated that soldiers should bring their own armour, food and clothes, and store them in the official treasury for later use when marching. However, after a long period of defense, clothes are damaged, so they need to be sent by home for replacement, especially winter clothes that need to keep out the cold. Therefore, there are often descriptions of autumn ladies' beating, making clothes and sending clothes in Tang poetry. In Bai Juyi's era, the government soldier system was destroyed, but the family still needed to send cold clothes for the recruiter. ) It's cold at the end of the year, the husband doesn't return, the winter clothes are not finished, and the autumn frost is coming. How can you complain that your loved ones are not only gone, but also frozen? As a result, the cold on the scissors not only spread to her hands, but also immersed in her heart. The hardship of her husband, her loneliness at home, joy, sadness, ups and downs all come to mind. However, the poet intercepts the detail that Sifu felt the weather change from the cold scissors in her hand when cutting winter clothes, and the rest is not mentioned. It is up to the readers to imagine and experience.
although it seems simple, it is actually rich, which is the beauty of implication. This feeling of life is nuanced. The most common things and behaviors often contain profound philosophy and essence, and Bai Juyi is good at discovering and expressing profound meaning from ordinary things. Appreciation of always in my heart's Wang Changling Tang Poetry
Young women in boudoir don't know how to worry,
In spring, they put on makeup and go to the Cuilou.
I suddenly saw the willow color in the stranger's head, and
I regretted teaching my husband to find a marquis.
Appreciation of Wang Changling's Poems
Wang Changling is good at describing the psychological state and subtle changes of the palace girl's children with the four unique lines. This poem about palace grievances, such as "always in my heart" and "Poems of Long Letter and Autumn", is well-known. This poem captures the psychological change when the young woman in the boudoir dresses up and goes upstairs to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery, and vividly depicts the heroine's sad attitude and resentment when she is troubled by parting, and implicitly expresses the idea that couples love each other morning and night rather than pursuing worldly fame and fortune.
The poem begins with the words "Young women in the boudoir don't know how to worry" and "don't know how to worry", which shows the young women in the boudoir's naive, silly, optimistic and cheerful personality and their love for life and philosophical attitude. It is precisely because she is so ignorant that she once yearned for worldly splendor and advised her husband to find a seal. Just because she loves life, she will dress herself up carefully in the face of beautiful spring scenery, and jump up the Cuilou like a child to enjoy the spring scenery on earth. The husband went on an expedition in the army and left for years, so he should be worried.
The reason why the heroine is "never worried" is not only that she is still young, has not experienced many twists and turns in her life, and her family is relatively well-off (as can be seen from the next sentence, "Putting on makeup and going to the green building"), but also that the fundamental reason lies in the atmosphere of that era. In the early Tang dynasty, the national strength was strong, and it became an important way for people to "seek a title" by joining the army for expedition and making meritorious deeds. "Fame only comes from the horse, and it's really a hero's husband" (Cen Can's "Send Deputy Li to Guanjun in West China") became the life ideal of many people at that time. Under the influence of this fashion of the times, the "seeking a concubine" and his "young woman in the boudoir" < P > are full of romantic fantasies about this life path. The second sentence, "Let you go to the Cuilou in spring", is the annotation and concrete expression of the form of "I don't know how to worry". One spring morning, after some careful dressing and deliberate decoration, she boarded her own high-rise building (the green building is the brothel, and the buildings of ancient dignitaries are mostly decorated with cyan, so the word "Cui" is required because of the level tone, and it corresponds to the heroine's identity and seasonal season). Of course, dressing up in spring is not to relieve the gloom, but to watch the spring scenery for self-entertainment. This sentence describes the joy of young women's youth, which is precisely for the waste of youth in the next period and the resentment of youth. From the word "setting makeup"
, we can understand her joyful mood of "not knowing how to worry" before going upstairs; The word "Shang" vividly depicts the lightness of her steps when she climbed the stairs.
the third sentence, "I suddenly see the willow color in the stranger's head", is the key to the whole poem.
"suddenly seeing" indicates the suddenness of seeing, the preciseness of feeling and the swiftness of association.
in fact, in the beautiful spring, there are flowers blooming everywhere, singing and dancing, so it's not surprising to see the willow. However, the "willow color" seen here has its specific location-"Mo Tou". This "stranger" reminds people: perhaps the couple used to go for a spring outing hand in hand; Perhaps in those days, she had personally sent her husband to join the army in this "stranger's head" in order to find a title and seek glory. However, after her husband has been gone for several years, this wonderful "strange willow color" has not been appreciated by anyone. A feeling of disappointment, loneliness and sorrow will inevitably attack her heart and ignite her long-cherished parting, so when her eyes collide with "strange willow color", she will suddenly burst out with the fiery idea of "repenting to teach her husband to find a seal". So from "sorrow" to "regret", from "regret" to "resentment" The word "regret" is a derivative of "worry" and "resentment", and "worry" and "resentment" are the roots of "regret" When sadness haunts my heart, this young woman's "resentment" has nothing to do with her husband, but focuses on self-blame, which further highlights her devotion to her husband. The "regret" here is also an instant understanding of the worldly fame and fortune of young women in the boudoir. It implicitly implies from another angle that the militaristic war of opening the border has destroyed the love and happiness of many people!
The main artistic features of this poem are the ups and downs of feelings, the strong sense of picture, and the beautiful and subtle realm. Originally, I wanted to go upstairs and watch the spring scenery, but as a result, I caused a cavity of bitterness. This change happened so quickly and suddenly that it seemed difficult to understand. This is the advantage of poetry, which vividly shows the rapid changes of young women's psychology, but does not tell the specific reasons and processes of the changes, leaving ample room for readers to ponder carefully. The poem is entitled "always in my heart", but there is no word in the poem and the word "resentment", and everything is intended to be implied. Cold always in my heart
In the cold month, the bridal chamber is quiet, and the buttonwood shadow is outside the real pearl curtain.
autumn frost wants to strike the prophet, but the tailor's scissors at the bottom of the lamp are cold.
Appreciation of works
Note:
The first two sentences of this poem are about scenery, and the last two sentences are about feelings. His feelings are expressed through his meticulous feelings about things.
The bridal chamber, which is still a deep house, is located at the back of many houses, which are usually occupied by rich families and their wives. The bedroom is already deep and illuminated by the cold moonlight, so it is more quiet. The curtain is called a real bead curtain, which is nothing more than a description of its luxury, commensurate with the bridal chamber, and cannot be gawked at. Bridal chamber and bead curtain all imply their identity by describing the environment. "The shadow of the phoenix tree" not only contrasts with the "cold moon" above, but also teases the "autumn frost" below. Because there is no moon, there is no shadow. In autumn, the earliest deciduous tree is the phoenix tree, so-called "one leaf falls and you know the autumn of the world". In the first two sentences, the scenery is so cold and lonely, and people are so lonely, which implies the so-called resentment of the cold boudoir in the title.
In this lonely moonlight, in a quiet house, the person in the curtain is still awake, holding scissors in her hand and tailoring clothes. Suddenly, she feels the scissors are cold, and even her hands are cold. What's going on here? Then I remembered that it was late autumn and it was going to frost. Autumn frost is coming, jade hand prophet. Late at night in late autumn, it was this young woman in the boudoir who wanted to send her cold clothes to a distant husband. (In the Tang Dynasty, the system of government soldiers stipulated that soldiers should bring their own armour, food and clothes, and store them in the official treasury for later use when marching. However, if the clothes are damaged after a long period of levy, they must be sent by the family for replacement, especially the winter clothes that need to keep out the cold. Therefore, there are often descriptions of autumn ladies' beating, making clothes and sending clothes in Tang poetry. In Bai Juyi's era, the system of government soldiers was destroyed, but it was still necessary for family members to send cold clothes for husbands. ) It's cold at the end of the year, the husband doesn't return, the winter clothes are not finished, and the autumn frost is about to fall. How can you have no complaints when you think that your loved ones are not only difficult to return, but also cold? So, the cold on the scissors not only reached her hands, but also reached her heart. It is entirely conceivable that her husband's hard work outside, her loneliness at home, her joy, her grief, her ups and downs, all come to her heart. However, the poet only wrote that she felt the weather change from the cold scissors in her hands, and the rest was not mentioned, so that readers could imagine and experience it themselves. Although it seems simple, it is actually rich, which is the beauty of implication. This feeling of life is nuanced. In daily life, people often ignore the changes of some things, but a sensitive poet can capture it and describe it, making people feel ordinary and fresh. This poem has this feature in art. Always in my heart's poetry appreciation and analysis method
always in my heart's poetry
always in my heart's poetry is about the sadness and resentment of young women and girls in the boudoir. Some of these poems were written by women themselves, while others were written by men imitating women's tone. In ancient times, there were many poems in always in my heart, which mainly described the abandonment of women and the longing for women, with the theme of hurting people in spring, and analyzed the women's complex psychological state of mourning, regret, loss or melancholy in a specific social situation and life experience. The ideological content of these poems is not very high, but they are worth discussing in terms of artistic skills.
First, the common types of always in my heart's poems:
1. Expressing the bitter feelings of parting
For example, the five pronouns Li Jing's "Spread the Huanxi Sand":
The fragrant lotus disappears the green leaves, and the west wind worries about the green waves. Also with rhyme * * * gaunt, ugly. The drizzle dreams that the chicken is far away, and the small building blows through the cold. How many tears hate, lean on the bar.
At the beginning of the last film, the phrase "fragrant lotus sells green leaves" conveys a deep feeling. In the first piece of his ci, the poet expressed his sadness at the destruction and disappearance of such a precious and fragrant natural life. The next film is particularly sad and moving. Among them, the drizzle dream back to the chicken jam means that the thinking woman dreams of recruiting people in her dream, and when she dreams back, she falls into the sadness of being away from her for a long time, while recruiting people is far away from the chicken jam. With the height of the small building, the beauty of Yusheng, and the deep affection, it shows the bitter dream and deep affection of drizzle and Yusheng, and it is lonely and lonely.
2. Describe the beauty's dying
The beauty's dying comes from Qu Yuan's Lisao, and the poem is that only the vegetation is scattered, and the beauty is afraid of dying. Old age is a metaphor for one's old age and twilight. The original intention is that people who have done something will gradually get old. Now it's a metaphor for people who are declining and feel sad and resentful. In fact, it is to describe the beauty's fleeting sadness about the beautiful youth of life. In China's ancient poems, it is a common theme that a woman in spring is kind to her heart. Because people's youth is short-lived, just as the beautiful scenery in spring is short-lived, so there is a feeling of hurting spring. For example, Bodhisattva Man written by Wen Tingyun, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty:
The hills overlap and the golden light disappears, and the clouds on the temples want to spend the fragrant cheeks and snow. Too lazy to paint Emei, too late to make up and wash. Look in the mirror before and after the flowers, and the flowers and the moon meet each other. The new post is embroidered with Luo Luo, and both are golden partridges.
The first film of the word describes the scene that a woman in a boudoir is lazy in spring sleep and her mind is sluggish. The next film describes the heroine looking in the mirror and getting dressed after washing and dressing. Women are pleasing to themselves. When the husband is not at home, his youth gradually fades away, and his face is aging. Therefore, it is really a beauty who is lazy, late in makeup and careless.
3. Describing the feelings of thinking about women and boudoir
Describing the feelings of thinking about women and boudoir and expressing the author's own life feelings. For example, in Chang 'e, Li Shangyin wrote:
The shadow of the mica screen candle is deep, and the long river is gradually sinking.
Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir.
The sense of loneliness expressed in the poem and the emotion of stealing regret elixir caused by it are integrated into the poet's unique real life feelings and contain richer and deeper life implications. Surrounded by the dark and dirty reality, the poet tries to get rid of the secular and pursue the noble world spiritually, and the result of the pursuit often makes him more lonely.
Second, common techniques
1. Expressing feelings through dreams
It is often said that if you think about it every day, you will dream at night. In China's ancient poems, many great poets and poets had outstanding dream poems. Images or realms in dream poems are often beyond the imagination and descriptive ability of ordinary people. What can't be achieved in real life is often achieved by poets with the help of dreams. For example, Zhang Zhongsu's "Thoughts of Spring Boudoir":
The willows curl up on the edge of the city, and the green is on the mulberry.
I forgot to pick the leaves, but I dreamed of fishing in the sun last night.
On the surface, this poem describes that the mulberry leaves are green in spring, and a woman goes outside the city to pick mulberry leaves, carrying a basket and being in a trance, forgetting what she is doing. What's the matter? It's only because I dreamed about Yuyang last night. During the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, many soldiers went to Yuyang. The woman's husband, presumably one of them, dreamed of her husband who went to Rongji, and of course he was particularly disappointed, so he didn't have the heart to pick mulberry leaves. In this way, the poet showed the deep and persistent feelings of thinking about her loved ones.
2. Lyricism by borrowing scenery
Lyricism by borrowing scenery refers to the writing method of expressing the author's subjective feelings with the help of the description of objective external scenery in literary works. This method can make feelings and scenes blend with each other and rely on each other, thus creating an artistic realm of integration of things and me, perfectly expressing the author's thoughts and feelings and giving readers a strong infection. Its aesthetic effect is the unity of things and me, vivid and implicit. For example, Zhang Ji's "a night-mooring near maple bridge":
frosty night, Jiang Feng fishing for fire to sleep.
At Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the midnight bell goes to the passenger ship.
This poem is a lyric poem written by the poet Zhang Ji at a time when his country was in war, he failed in the exam and was in pain, hesitation, sadness and helplessness. In the poem, the poet constructs a quiet and distant artistic conception in four poems: fishing on the autumn night by the river, holding the passengers lying down and listening to the silent night bell, which makes the collocation of scenery and the mood of the characters reach a high degree of tacit understanding and blending.
3, touching the scene < p