bee
No matter underground or on the mountain, where there are flowers in full bloom, there are bees busy.
Bee, you harvest flowers to make nectar. Who has worked hard and who wants to taste the sweetness?
Second, translation.
No matter on the flat ground, on the mountain, where flowers bloom in the wind, there are bees running. Bee, you picked all the flowers and turned them into nectar. Who are you working for and who do you want to taste the sweetness?
Third, the source of the author
Author Luo Yin, Tang Dynasty.
Extended data
The first two sentences describe the living conditions of bees, who are constantly shuttling and working among flowers. The vast territory gives them considerable space to display. No matter "or" infinite ",bees" occupy all the scenery "in their hard work Written simply, it looks plain and straightforward, almost in the tone of appreciation and praise. In fact, it is ingenious, first promoting and then restraining, paving the way for the following discussion.
The last two sentences closely follow the image of "bee", extending and expanding the image of "laborer" it symbolizes, and exclaiming that "after a hundred flowers blossom into honey, no one can be sweet". At the same time, it also raises an intriguing question: the collected flowers have turned into honey, and the hard work has finally achieved gratifying results. When the topic changes, who is this hard work for?
In the dark and decadent society at that time, it was an exploiter who lived in a high position and held heavy power for nothing. The irony was self-evident. The poet accused those who were addicted to wealth in a rhetorical tone. After a long period of mourning, he could not help feeling pity for the working people.
On the other hand, it mocks and lashes at the unfair reality that laborers can't get their due rewards, and those who have income can't get their due rewards. While expressing their grievances and grievances to the working people, they also reflect on their long-term situation of being stuck in a position where their ambitions are hard to reach, and express their deep hatred for the social phenomena of feuds, autocratic eunuchs, frequent wars and poor people in the late Tang Dynasty.
This poem about bees, with symbolic means and questioning methods, reflects the social phenomenon that workers can't enjoy the fruits of their labor. It is different from Zhang Bi's The Farmer's Invasion of the Stars, Mei's Millet on the Head Belongs to Others and Tao Ren, which can be interpreted in this way. Both of them are lamenting the bitter experience of life and how difficult the social world is, which is thought-provoking and thought-provoking.
2. Tang translation:
Zhu Maichen didn't hate his ex-wife when his status became higher. It is also the heart of a caring person, building a house for her, sharing clothes and food for her to survive!
One day, his ex-wife said to Zhu Maichen's entourage, "I have been doing this and that in front of Zhu Maichen for many years. Every time I think of being hungry and cold and studying hard, I see the ambition of the minister. I have never said that it is my mission to rectify the country and assist the monarch after my career is prosperous, and it is my wish to appease the people and help them.
Unfortunately, I have been away from Maichen for many years, and Maichen is really popular. The son of heaven gave him the title, appointed him, and let him return to his hometown in clothes, which also reached the peak. But what he said before was silent and he couldn't hear it anymore.
Is it because there are things in the world that are not handled that make him like this? Or are you too eager for money to think about it? In my opinion, he is only content to brag in front of a woman, and nothing else can be done. How can you eat his food? "So he hanged himself.
Original text:
Buying a minister is expensive, but I can't bear to marry a wife, build a house, share food and clothing, and be kind.
Once, my wife went to buy the minister's personal entourage and said, "I have been in Wengzi for several years." Every time I miss the season of hunger and cold, I see Weng Zi's ambition, so I don't say that after I know him, I will take Kuang Guo as my responsibility and help others as my heart.
Unfortunately, I have been away from Weng Zi for many years, and Weng Zi has been well informed. The son of heaven gave him life, and clothes and brocade were given to him during the day, so he was also excellent. I am ignorant of the speaker. Nothing can make it happen?
Are you worried about those who don't spend their holidays with wealth? In my opinion, it is ok to be proud of a woman, but I have never seen anything else. Rest assured to eat! "Is to hold your breath and die.
Extended data:
Zhu Maichen's story is written in "Biography of Maichen in Zhu Han": When Zhu Maichen lost the election, his family was poor, he died of inheritance and made a living by chopping wood. In the eulogy, his wife felt humiliated and advised him many times, so he sang even harder.
His wife left him and married someone else. After that, a man walked on Song Road and collected firewood in the grave on the mountain. When the ex-wife and husband went to the grave, they saw that the buyer was hungry and cold, so they gave him food.
Later, Zhu Maichen became the magistrate of Huiji and returned home in rags. The government sent someone to clean the road for him, including his ex-wife and current husband. Zhu Maichen adopted them, and a month later, his ex-wife hanged herself.
In Hanshu, this story is told in the style of praising Zhu Maichen for letting bygones be bygones, not forgetting old feelings, and thanking him for his kindness. And his ex-wife is just an ordinary woman who is short-sighted and can't bear hardships. She committed suicide in shame and regret.
In this essay, Luo Yin did the opposite, and by extension, made up the confession of Zhu Maichen's wife. Zhu Maichen became the object of irony, satirizing that once he got rich, he just wanted to have fun and not think about the country. But his ex-wife is a knowledgeable and virtuous woman.
She not only dared to criticize Zhu Maichen, but also exposed the hypocritical nature of "eager for success" rather than "saving people and things" after his understanding. It also shows the valuable integrity of not "eating its food" and "holding your breath when you die", thus exposing and criticizing the hypocritical nature of feudal literati in the late Tang Dynasty who were keen on fame and fortune and did not match their words and deeds.
This article satirizes the present with a strong critical spirit. The author is good at using euphemistic judgment tone and rhetorical tone to strengthen irony.
The article is short and pithy, the writing is vivid, and the words are sharp and thought-provoking. As Mr. Lu Xun said in "The Collection Crisis of South-North Essays", "Almost all of them are resistance and anger." This is the main feature of Luo Yin's prose.
3. Translate a few words of classical Chinese ~ ~ ~ Please help. "Everyone laughed." The house was full of laughter: "Only your husband, everyone called him a busy man in the Song Dynasty, may not be able to herd cattle." Only your husband, everyone called him a busy man in the Song Dynasty, may not be able to herd cattle, so everyone called you Luo Yin. His ambition was as big as Luo Yin's, so he got the name. He was appointed to Zhengzhou, when Song Yanyun was a festival. Yanyun is busy with fine print, and Yanyun is drunk. He asked, "What is the name Luo Yin gave everyone?" Yes, I said, "How about being an official and writing poems?" One person replied: "Beizhi likes to write poems on weekdays, and hit the nail on the head and said:" Because there is a banquet, I plan to give it to you at the moment. Knowing its harm and feeling it, make the book thank it. "Knowing the loss is great anger." "Qin stood up slowly and responded.
Yan Yun said, "Otherwise, the cover will be as light as Luo Yin's ear and the drink will be as strong, so I ask everyone. )
Li Zhi's poetic style is almost the same as yours. "Knowing defeat is furious:" Why do you call me Luo Yin? "Yan Yun said," Otherwise, Gai is as light as Luo Yin's ear, and he will attend the banquet. He said sharply that he was afraid that two Rory officials would never come again. "In the dry blessing, there are often courtiers who send envoys back and give gifts of soil, which is not surprising.
4. Ancient Poetry Xue Yin's ancient poetry 1. Snow by Yin
It is said that the snow omen is a good year. What kind of good year will it be?
There is a poor man in Chang 'an, and I said there is no good snow.
2. Translation:
It is said that this snow indicates a good year. What will happen in a good year?
There are poor people in Chang' an city, so I say it is not advisable to have more snow.
3. Appreciate:
The title is "Snow", but this poem is not about snow, but about whether snow is a good omen. The quatrains are lyrical but not argumentative, and the five quatrains are extremely narrow, especially avoiding discussion. The author's preference for short words seems to be intended to create a special style.
Good winter brings good summer. Hard-working farmers will naturally have associations and expectations for a good year when they see snowflakes fluttering. But now it is in the bustling imperial capital Chang 'an, and the voice of "doing your best and being young" is worth pondering. The word "all the way" contains irony. In connection with the following, it can be inferred that people who "try their best to enrich their years" are people from another world different from "poor people" Dajia, a wealthy businessman who lives in a mansion in a deep courtyard and wears fur and fur, is full of alcohol, warms himself around the stove and looks at the snow all day, just saying with one voice that the snow bodes well. They may pretend to be compassionate and caring people with lofty ideals.
It is precisely because this generation "tried its best to have a good year" that the next question is cold: "What about a good year?" Even if it is really a good year, what will happen? This is a rhetorical question. There is no answer, and there is no need to answer. People who "try their best to have a good year" know it. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the exploitation of exorbitant taxes and high land rent made farmers, whether rich or poor, in the same miserable situation. "New silk is sold in February, and new grain is harvested in May", "The grain was not exhibited in June, and the government repaired the warehouse", "The rice is ripe in front of the mountain, and the ears are fragrant. Fine and fine, like jade. The official holds it, and the private room has no warehouse. " These poems clearly answer "What's going on?" But in this poem, not telling the truth is more artistic than telling the truth. It seems to be a blow to the head, which makes those who "try their best in good years" speechless.
The third and fourth sentences are not about expressing feelings and further discussion along "what will happen in a good year", but about whether the snow at the beginning is auspicious or not. Because the author's main purpose in writing this poem is not to express sympathy for the poor, but to throw daggers at those who talk about bumper harvests. "There are poor people in Chang 'an, and it is not desirable to be rich." It seems to remind these people coldly that when you are enjoying the delicacies of mountains and seas and talking about the bumper harvest of snow in high-rise buildings, I am afraid you have long forgotten that there are many "poor people" who have no food, no clothes and sleep on the streets in Chang 'an, the imperial capital. They can't expect the benefits of "bumper harvest", but they will freeze to death by what you call "bumper harvest" How many' frozen bones' will appear on Chang 'an Avenue tomorrow after a snowstorm! "It is not advisable to do more for Switzerland" seems to be an understatement and a little humorous. Actually, it contains deep anger and fiery feelings. Gentle and calm tone and sharp and penetrating disclosure, cold irony and deep anger are harmoniously combined here.
Without certain preconditions, it is difficult to argue whether snow is a good omen or a disaster, not to mention that it is not the task of poetry at all. The poet has no intention of having such a debate. He was disgusted and indignant at the well-fed and carefree dignitaries, who had no * * * feelings and * * language for the poor, but wanted to put on a face that was most concerned about the poor in the rich years, so he seized the topic of "rich years" and skillfully made a negative article, tearing off the masks of those "benevolent people" and revealing their faces.
There is no direct picture in the poem, and there is no image description. But after reading the complete poem, the poet's own image is vivid and tangible. This is because the seemingly unimaginative comments in the poem are not only full of the poet's hatred, contempt and anger, but also show the poet's humorous and cynical character everywhere. It can be seen that it is not appropriate to understand the image of poetry too narrowly.
4. Introduction to the author:
Luo Yin (833-909), born in Xincheng (now Dengxin Town, Fuyang, Zhejiang), was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Born in 833 AD (the seventh year of Taihe), he entered Beijing at the end of the thirteenth year of Dazhong (859 AD) and took the imperial examination in seven years. In the eighth year of Xian Tong (A.D. 867), he wrote a book, The Book of Apology, which was hated by the ruling class. Therefore, Luozhou offered a poem saying, "Although the book of apocrypha is better than a rest". Later, I took the exam intermittently for several years and took it for more than a dozen times. I claimed to be "12 years or 13 years probation period" and finally failed. This is the so-called "ten is not the first". After the Huang Chao Uprising, he lived in seclusion for three years (AD 887). At the age of 55, he returned to his hometown at the behest of King Qian Liu of wuyue and worked as an official, counselor and servant of Qiantang. He died in 909 (three years of Kaiping in the Five Dynasties) at the age of 77.
5. Classical Chinese translation of Snow: Artisans in the sky cut water into flowers and floated between heaven and earth. There are four virtues when they taste. When they landed, there was no sound. This is a quiet virtue. When they insist on wearing colorless clothes, it is a clean virtue. No matter how high or low, it is a general virtue.
Making windows bright is a bright virtue. Tall pine trees, lush bamboos, old plum trees (blooming against each other) and waning moon, there are strange stones hidden in the depths of the forest, and there is a small bridge on the river in the distance, and a path leads to an ancient temple in the lush mountains.
The old fisherman hung a hook with hemp fiber (on the river), and the literati walked with measured steps and recited poems, drinking and laughing. Above the tall building, the wind is whistling, smoke is floating in the stove where tea is cooked at the bow, there is a beautiful woman pouring wine next to the seat, and the monk is sitting opposite, and the musician is playing music leisurely.
Put on your coat, take a walk in the garden, put on your fur coat and climb the mountain by the water. With such scenery and conditions, why are there several Mount Emei high in thousands of feet? The original work of Snow: Heaven, Floating Universe, Four Beauties; Landing silently; Dyeing and cleaning; High and low, even; The hole and window reflect light and are very bright.
It is advisable to grow pine and trim bamboo, the old plum cuts the moon, the strange rocks increase sharply, the deep forest is gentle, the cold river is far away, the bridge is broken, the ancient temple is layered, and the path is hedged; Old people go fishing with guns, poets cross spiritual poems, wine is light, and tall buildings whistle. The tea stove at the bow curled up and smoke drifted away, Dai Mei held the lamp on the seat, and the old monk sat opposite, and the rhyme scholar was idle; Put on cranes and walk in the garden; Royal mink and fur, climbing the landscape.
Under such circumstances, why is Emei thousands of feet? Selected from Luo Yin's Collection of Leisure Appreciation of Qing Ci in Tang Dynasty.
Background: Luo Yin, whose real name is Zhao Jian, was born in Hangzhou New Town (now Dengxin Town, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province), a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, and he wrote The Book of Apology and The Book of Harmony. Luo Yin's thought belongs to Taoism, and his book tries to extract a set of "Taiping Kuangji Shu" for the world, which is the product of the revival and development of Huang Lao's thought in troubled times.
At the end of thirteen years, I went to the capital to try the Jinshi, which lasted seven years. In the eighth year, Xian Tong himself wrote a poem "Reciting Books", which was hated by the ruling class. Therefore, Luozhou gave a poem saying, "Although the book is recited, it is better than a rest."
Later, I took the exam intermittently for several years and took it for more than a dozen times. I claimed to be "12 years or 13 years probation period" and finally failed. This is the so-called "ten is not the first". There are fourteen volumes of Songs, three volumes of A and B, one volume of Waiji and eleven volumes of poetry.
After Huang Chao Uprising, Jiuhua Mountain lived in seclusion. Guangqi, 55 years old, returned to his hometown according to the money flow of King Wu Yue, and served as a doctor in Qiantang, a doctor in training and an assistant. Luo Yin was a famous genius in the village when he was a child. His poems and articles are excellent and highly respected by people of his time. He and two other talented people of the same clan are collectively called "San Luo".
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Luo Yin, like many people, wanted to use the imperial examination to enter the official career and show his ambition. However, although Luo Yin was famous, he failed in the exam six times, so he changed his name to Luo Yin.
Luo Yin's intellect was really outstanding, even the then prime ministers Zheng Yi and Li Jue admired him. However, due to the irony of his examination paper and his arrogance, he was very isolated in China, a modest ancient society, and the examiners were disgusted with him. Once, when he was taking an exam, he was caught in a drought, and the emperor wrote a letter asking for rain. Luo Yin wrote to remonstrate that floods and droughts, such as heaven and earth, could not be eliminated immediately. He advised the emperor to pray with his heart, so that people's crops would be grateful to his majesty no matter how serious the disaster was.
Finally, neither the late emperor nor the ministers can contribute to your majesty, let alone a few unknown people. He thinks this method is not desirable. Luo Yin's words were too straightforward and ironic, and finally the emperor didn't listen to him.
In the first year of God Blessing (904), Luo Yin was ordered by Qian Liu, the king, to return to Jiangkou by wooden boat from Ruian, and walked to Ditou Village (now Xinpu Township, Taishun County) to visit the sage Wuqi (former doctor Pingzhang) and went out to help the government. This is the earliest record of shipping from Ruian of Feiyun River to Taishun Estuary.
Luo Yin's satirical prose has made great achievements, which can be called a wonderful work of ancient prose. The satirical sketches collected in "Reciting Books" are all his "angry words, which he did not do in this world, so he did not vent" (Fang Hui's Postscript to Reciting Books).
Luo Yin himself thought it was "so the police should guard against the future" (rearranged in Acts). For example, Biography of Heroes, through two so-called "heroic quotations" by Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, profoundly reveals the robber nature of emperors pretending to be "heroes" to save the people.
Finally, a warning is given to the supreme ruler (meaning that he may not have the heart to settle for second best, be honest and clean, he will look at the earth arrogantly, and then he will seek). Such brilliant ideas are sometimes revealed in Luo Yin's essays.
Talking about Chicken, Hanwu Mountain Call, Doctor San Lv's Intention, Narrating Crazy Life and Monument to Mr. Mei are all laughing and cursing, which shows his strong realistic critical spirit and outstanding satirical artistic talent. In the essay crisis of essays, Lu Xun has a very incisive view on the position of essays in the late Tang Dynasty in the history of Tang literature.
He said: "At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the poetic style declined, while the essays shone brilliantly. And Luo Yin's book of recitation is almost full of resistance and anger.
Pi Rixiu and Lu Guimeng, who thought they were hermits, were also called hermits by others. Throughout their essays in Piju and Li Ze series, they have never forgotten this world, which is the brilliance and sharpness in a muddy pond. "。