Can't sleep at night, sit up and play the piano.
Thin curtains look at the bright moon, and the breeze blows on the chest.
Lonely in the wild, birds are singing in Beilin.
What will you see when you are wandering, and you will be sad when you are worried.
[analysis]
Eighty-two poems of "Yong Huai" are the general topics of Ruan Ji's poems all his life. Living in the political darkness of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Ruan Ji's poems are mostly obscure and tortuous. Yan Yanzhi in Liu Song Dynasty said: "Ruan Ji was always worried about disasters in Jin Dynasty, so he pretended to sing this song." Shan Li also said: "(Ruan Ji) is determined to ridicule, but his writings are mostly evasive and light, and it is difficult to guess after a hundred generations." ("Selected Works of Poetry")
This poem is the first poem in Yong Huai, which typically embodies the above characteristics. In modern critical terms, it is almost an empty poem, which writes about the bright moon, the breeze, the lonely rainbow, the flying birds, playing the piano while sleeping, wandering and worrying, but it does not specify or imply its specific content. Some scholars in the Qing Dynasty often quoted historical facts to verify their own meaning, and the result was often that they lost their main idea. Among them, Fang's opinion, "This is the starting point of" August 1st ",but it is always said that you can't sing your heart out in words" ("Zhao Wei Yan Yan"), is relatively close.
In fact, if we can thoroughly understand Ruan Ji, this poem is not difficult to understand. Ruan Ji "originally had the ambition to help the world and belonged to Wei and Jin Dynasties. There are many reasons in the world, and few celebrities have all the people. The reason is that they are isolated from the world, so drinking is common (Biography of Ruan Ji in the Book of Jin). Just as he was drunk for 60 days and made Wendi propose to Emperor Wudi, and finally "no more talking" (ditto) and "binge drinking" were just his means to avoid showing off, but his inner pain could not be removed. The description of "driving alone, not relying on the road, relying on the track and crying" in the history books is the profound expression of his painful heart. So this poem, as long as you look at his "loneliness" and "independence", it is not difficult to "winding path leads to a secluded place".
At the beginning of this poem, the poet introduced the reader to a lonely and desolate night scene: "If you can't sleep at night, you sit up and play the piano", while the poet who "drinks heavily is a common thing" finds it difficult to sleep when all living beings are dreaming. He put on his clothes, sat up and played the strings of calligraphy. This is learned from the real scene. However, we might as well regard this "night" as the night of the times. In this long night, "everyone is drunk and I wake up alone", the great loner, played an epoch-making poem. "The British wind cuts Yun Ni and makes a strange sound" ("Sixty-one") Oh!
Three or four sentences further describe this sleepless night. A Qing man Wu Qi said: "The word sword comes from the word thin ... there is only a thin curtain in the hall. ..... If the curtains in class are thin, you can miss the moonlight. Because of this, the wind seeped in and blew me up "("Conclusion of Selected Poems of the Six Dynasties "). Furthermore, we can also feel the poet's theme from the superficial meaning of this painting. The poet's description of the bright moon and the cool breeze set off his nobility. Writing "thin curtain" and "blowing my chest" is really chilling. Although this is not the romantic realm of Qu Zi's "going to Kunlun to eat jade", the spirit of being unique, dangerous and not being understood by the secular is the same.
Three or four sentences are described by the poet from the perspective of vision and feeling, and five or six sentences not only further add the images of "solitary rainbow" and "birds", but also add the sound of "horn" and "singing" to the picture. This wailing "lonely rainbow" and "flying bird" are not only the poet's eyes, the scene in front of him, but also the symbol of the poet's self. It flies alone in the long night, singing sad songs. "Northland Forest" refers to the Book of Songs, and refers to the morning breeze, which makes the northland forest overcast. If you don't see a gentleman, you will worry about Qin Qin "(Qin Feng Morning Wind), which implies the meaning of missing and caring. "Northland Forest" and "Outfield" together further constitute a desolate and cold realm.
At the end of the two sentences, "What were you thinking when you were wandering? You are only sad when you are worried. " The poet's brushwork reverts from the nature of the object to the subjective self, just like Zhuang Zhoumeng's feeling about butterflies. His heart is full of emotion, but there is nowhere to tell. He may think a lot: "How generous a strong man is, and he is determined to conquer the Eight Wastes" ("A poet can only be comforted by preaching, only infinite worries, lonely wandering and eternal sorrow.
Looking at the whole poem, it seems to be "repeated chaos, unprovoked" (in) and "like a clear cloud coming out of a hole, the volume is uncertain" (in Wang Fuzhi's words), but if we grasp the poet's theme of "sadness in the heart", we can understand this "masterpiece". It is not easy for Zhong Rong to evaluate Ruan Ji's poems in Poems.