The East City is high and long
The East City is high and long, winding and connected.
The returning wind is blowing, and the autumn grass is already green.
The four seasons change, and the end of the year comes so quickly!
The morning breeze is full of painstaking efforts, and the cricket is hurt and cramped.
What is the end of one’s emotions?
There are many beauties in Yan and Zhao, and the beautiful ones have faces as beautiful as jade.
Wearing clothes like Luo Shangyi, we should sort out the music at home.
How sad is the sound! The string is urgent and the column is urgent.
I am in full swing, chatting and wandering.
Thinking of two flying swallows, holding a mud nest in the king's house.
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Notes:
① meandering: appearance. Affiliation: continuous connection. ②Return wind: whirlwind. ③Green: yellow-green, the color of autumn when the grass turns yellow. ④Constricted: This refers to the restriction of thoughts and feelings in the poem "Clam". ⑤Clean: Rinse, clear. To let one's emotions go; to let one's emotions and will go, which means to let one's emotions go and entertain oneself. ⑥End: restraint. ⑦Belt: wear. Bei, pronounced as Phi. ⑧Principle; review and practice. ⑨Pillar: The pillar that supports the strings. Promote: move closer. ⑩Chiqing: the meaning of fascination. Middle belt: single shirt. ①Chat: For now. 误腅: Wandering and not looking forward.
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Appreciation:
In the late Han Dynasty, the political situation was chaotic, social unrest, and people's livelihood were difficult. Many scholars felt that time was fleeting and life was short. Therefore, the idea of ????being negative and decadent and enjoying life in time is very popular. There are many works expressing this kind of thought and emotion in "Nineteen Ancient Poems", and this poem "The East City is High and Long" is one of them. Although it does not express as much decadence as "Driving to the East Gate" and "Under 100 Years of Life", the poem's deep sighs, reflections on the short life, debauched emotions, longing for sensuality, and The two poems mentioned above are also very close. Lu Shiyong commented on this poem: "The scenery has been destroyed by the years, and I have no one to live in. Therefore, I entrust you with the beautiful woman and hold the mud nest in my hand. This is what I want to do. I am cramped and unable to stretch out, and I suffer from self-destruction. It will last for a hundred years." , meaningless." ("Poetry Mirror") explains quite well the meaning of this poem.
"The East City is tall and long, and the winding roads are connected to each other." The two sentences start from the scenery in front of me and describe how tall and continuous the "East City" is. This line of "rising" seems to have no necessary connection with the purpose of the poem, but if you taste it carefully, it actually has a hidden meaning. The city wall is indeed majestic, but it has its own ups and downs, and it can be predicted that its collapse will be inevitable. Just like in the prime of life, aging will come slowly. Therefore, although it is a sentence about a scene, it can be mutually reinvented with the ups and downs and the short life that the whole poem wants to express.
"The wind is blowing back, and the autumn grass has withered and turned green. The four seasons are changing, and how quickly the year ends!" In ancient Chinese poetry, the most common and closest emotional connection with poets is nature. The scenery and phenology have changed. The autumn whirlwind that swept over the ground blew the surrounding scenery with a roar, and at the same time shocked the poet's sensitive heart. He seemed to suddenly realize that the green grass had turned to yellow-green without realizing it, withered and decayed, and the fate of "the years are falling" was dominating and oppressing. Spring, summer, autumn and winter are changing ruthlessly, and another year is about to pass. Of course, the poet's perception goes beyond this. His wonder at the changing seasons actually includes horror and lament about the fleeting years and the short life. The technique of these four lines of poetry is from the outside to the inside, from the scene to the emotion; from the recognition of the changes of individual things to the emotion of the rise and fall of the law, the poet then naturally made a thorough reflection on life.
""Morning Wind" is full of painstaking efforts, "Cricket Wine" is painful and cramped. Cleanse and let go of emotions, what is the end of it!" "Qin Feng·Morning Wind" and "Tang Feng·Cricket" are " Psalms from the Book of Songs. "Morning Breeze" has lines such as "I have never seen a gentleman, but I am worried about my feelings", "Worried about me is full of joy", and "Worried about me is like drunkenness". Zheng Xuan's note in the Eastern Han Dynasty believed that this poem was meant to ridicule Kang Gong for forgetting the cause created by Mu Gong, neglecting state affairs, and alienating virtuous ministers. The poet was worried about this. "Cricket" says: "Today I am not happy, the sun and the moon will take care of me." It also says: "There is no waste of happiness, and the good man is Qu Qu." After a year of hard work, at the end of the year, it is necessary to take a break and have a feast in time. He is happy, but he also warns people not to play recklessly, but to have long-term considerations like a knowledgeable "good man". The poet feels that the sun and the moon are fleeting and have their ups and downs. After reflection, he comes to the conclusion that he is a passive carpe diem. Therefore, "Morning Wind" was criticized for being "painstaking" and "Cricket" was "censored". In the poet's view, why should we be sad and restrained? On the contrary, we should get rid of all worries and depression, indulge our temperament, and enjoy ourselves as much as possible, so as not to live up to our short time. It is true that the thought of blindly pursuing pleasure is unhealthy and a sign of not understanding the true meaning of life. However, if we place it in a turbulent and chaotic historical environment and examine it in a corrupt and filthy social environment, its emergence is extremely natural. It is actually a hopeless struggle against a boring life and a passive resistance to fate.
Since the poet faces the cold reality and advocates passive indulgence of emotions, he must also pursue sensual entertainment. You see, the poet's description of "There are many beauties in Yanzhao, and the beauty is as beautiful as jade. They are dressed in Luo Shangyi, and they are doing their homework". It looks so beautiful and pleasing to the eye, and the poet is fascinated and envious. If the poet had previously only focused on abstract discussions and wanted to "purge and let go of emotions, what is the end of oneself?", then these four sentences capture the real picture of real life and show people's longing for it with concrete images.
"The sound is so sad, the strings are urgent and the pillars are quick." In these two sentences, the poet further moves people emotionally. The above four sentences only express the poet's envy for the beauty. The two sentences express the poet's closeness to the beauty, and he has already made eye contact with her, and has developed feelings for her. The beauty plays the high strings rapidly, the sound of the piano is exciting, and the melody is like a torrential downpour, which makes the music feel full of sadness and hatred. The poet couldn't help but be moved by the deep sorrow and pity him so much that he developed a heart of love and couldn't help but "feeling in love". But he also "talked and wandered around", and was bound by deep-rooted etiquette. He was embarrassed by the unknown relationship, which hindered him. So the heart wants to go forward and hesitates, but the spirit meets but the body does not move forward. The two sentences "Chiqing Zhongtong" vividly depict the poet's extremely complex and contradictory inner world and external demeanor at this time. It can be said that the portrayal is vivid and every word is worth a thousand dollars.
The poet was fascinated, admired deeply, and fell in love, so he came up with a fantasy: "Thinking of two flying swallows, holding a mud nest in the king's house." How he hoped it could become a murmur. The flying swallows carry mud in their mouths and build their nests on the beams of the beautiful woman's roof. The implication is that I want to stay and fly with a beautiful woman and become a good couple. The restraint of the poet's behavior and the enthusiasm of fantasy constitute a contradiction, which reflects the depression and pain of the poet's soul under the oppression of heavy reality. Even if he wanted to "purge his emotions", he couldn't get rid of all the fetters and have fun. In the end, he still couldn't get rid of the depression and sadness. After reading the whole poem, we can't help but feel the strong depressed and sad atmosphere of the times.
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