Let’s first see if the poster has money. . . I'm looking to see if the poster has the heart to learn. . . I guess the original poster is also a dragon-loving person like Mr. Ye. .
For the basic archives of the Yongzheng period, please refer to the "Compilation of Chinese Edicts of the Yongzheng Dynasty" in 40 volumes, the "Compilation of the Manchu Edicts of the Yongzheng Dynasty" in 12 volumes,
The "Compilation of Chinese Zhu Pi Memorials of the Yongzheng Dynasty" "40 volumes, and "Full Translation of the Manchu Memorials of the Yongzheng Dynasty" in 2 volumes.
There are more historical materials on the Qing Dynasty than any previous dynasty. There are not only a huge number of Chinese books, archives, deeds, genealogies, but also Manchu, Tibetan, Mongolian, Yi, Dai and other ethnic writing materials. , as well as English, Russian, German, French, Portuguese, Japanese and other foreign language materials, as well as numerous palaces, gardens, towns and cultural relics. Therefore, while understanding the general situation of historical materials, we need to focus on reading some important documents. Let’s start with the chronological and biographical historical materials. ①This kind of historical materials include "Manwen Old Documents", "Daily Life Notes of the Qing Dynasty", "Qing Shilu", "Donghua Lu", "Qing History Manuscript", "Yongli Shilu", "Xianwang Shilu", "Huang Qingtong" Books such as "Outline of Chronicles" and "Yongxian Lu". In terms of the value of historical materials related to the overall situation, the "Manwen Laodang", "Daily Notes" and "Qingshilu" are the most useful.
The "Manwen Old Documents" has been incomplete. The existing documents are basically recorded according to the year and month, starting from 1607 and ending in 1636. "Manwen Laodang" is a voluminous volume with rich content and detailed descriptions. It is the main document for studying the founding history of the Qing Dynasty before entering the customs. Why was Nurhaci, the Jurchen leader of the Jianzhou branch who was once a servant of the Ming Emperor, able to unify all the Jurchen tribes in more than thirty years after raising an army with thirteen corps of armor, marching into Liaoshen, repeatedly defeating the Ming army, and becoming a powerful wise man of the Jin Kingdom? sweat? What is the level of back-end productivity? What are the dominant relations of production? Are there any changes? What is the class structure like? The specific content of the military and political system, how many major events have occurred, who are the outstanding figures, the method, scale and influence of class struggle, etc., can only be explained clearly based on "Manchu Old Documents" and combined with relevant documents.
Daily Notes Daily Notes are also very valuable historical materials. In the Qing Dynasty, the official establishment of libraries and officials to write and compile notes on daily life began in the ninth year of Kangxi (1670). However, before that, the regent Dorgon had already used historians to write notes for him, which is the "Regency Diary of Dorgon". The daily life notes of the Qing Dynasty continued throughout the dynasties with very few interruptions, so they are large in number and relatively complete in preservation. Notes on daily life during the Qing dynasty are now divided into two collections. There are 3,863 volumes in the First Historical Archives of China in Beijing. The earliest is from October of the 10th year of Kangxi, and the latest is from December of the 3rd year of Xuantong. "Notes on Daily Life" was published in 1984. Another part is stored in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
"Qing Shilu" and "Qing Shilu" are another basic data for studying Qing history. For the records of all dynasties in the Qing Dynasty, the emperor set up a record office and appointed important military and state ministers, usually led by academicians, to preside over the compilation of the records of the previous generation or generations of emperors. For example, "Records of Emperor Shizong of the Qing Dynasty" was edited by his son Hongliyu, who sent the great scholar Ortai and other ministers to preside over the compilation. The chief supervising director was Ortai, the third-level uncle, and the four chief editors were Zhang Tingyu, the third-level uncle, and Zhang Tingyu, the third-level uncle. The five vice-presidents are Shangshu Ren Lanzhi, Bandi, Nayantai, Zuodu censor Hang Yilu, and minister Zhang Tingzhuo. The editors are Liu Lun, Ji Huang, and Cai There are more than 40 new people, and more than 170 Manchu and Mongolian translators, translators, and transcribers.
The "Records of the Qing Dynasty" is very large. The records of the twelve dynasties from Taizu to Dezong total 4,363 volumes, which is 1,400 more than the "Records of the Ming Dynasty". Among the remaining volumes, "Records of Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty" has the largest number, reaching 1,500 volumes.
"Donghua Lu" and "Qing History Manuscript" "Donghua Lu" edited by Jiang Liangqi, the narrative starts from Tianming and ends with Yongzheng, in thirty-two volumes. "Donghua Records" and "Donghua Continuation Records" compiled by Wang Xianqian started from Tianming and ended with Tongzhi. They are commonly known as "Nine Dynasties Donghua Records", with a total of 624 volumes, and are also must-read historical materials. In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhao Erxun, a former Jinshi who was a bannerman of the Han army, the governor of the three eastern provinces, and the deceased, and Ke Shaobinxiang, a former Jinshi, editor, and general supervisor of the Capital University, took over as curators and presided over the compilation of the "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty", which was published in 1928. , ***Volume 529. "Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty" collects a large amount of information, makes a preliminary arrangement of some historical events, narrates the beginning and end of some events, the origin and evolution of the system, and outlines of the characters. Some biographies are also relatively well written. However, many of the authors still stood for the Qing Dynasty, so their political and historical views were relatively reactionary. They went so far as to label the resistance struggles of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and other masses as "thieves" and "bandits" and did not recognize the Democratic Revolution of 1911. The first righteousness of Wuchang is recorded as "the revolutionary party plotted chaos in Wuchang", and it also praises the rulers of the Qing Dynasty. Moreover, the book is inappropriately complicated and simplified, with two biography by one person, many historical errors, and important omissions. Therefore, "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty" is not a good historical book, but because it is the first major general history of the Qing Dynasty, it also has some reference value.
Qing Santong refers to the 300 volumes of "Tongkao of Imperial Documents", 100 volumes of "Tongdian of Imperial Dynasty", and 126 volumes of "Tongzhi of Imperial Dynasty", which were completed in the fifth year of Qianlong's reign. Eleven and fifty-two years (1786, 1787).
Emperor Qianlong specially set up the Santong Hall, conferring bachelor's degree and bachelor's degree of the Hanlin Academy to Ji Huang, Shangshu of the Ministry of Personnel Liu Yong, Shangshu of the Ministry of War Wang Jie (the number one scholar in the 26th year of Qianlong's reign), Shangshu of the Ministry of Revenue Cao Wenqi as the president, and a bachelor's degree from the Hanlin Academy. Cao Renhu and other seven people are editors and chief editors, thirty-four people including Lu Bokun, a bachelor's degree scholar at Hanlin Academy, are editors and proofreaders, and Badal Hu, the director of Lifan Academy, and four other people are full editors. The "Three Links" narratives all start from Nurhaci and end at the fiftieth year of Qianlong. In some places, they include fifty-one years, and the content is somewhat repetitive.
The Qing Dynasty has the largest number of archives in the world. The First Historical Archives of China alone has more than 10 million pieces, volumes, and volumes. Local archives and cultural management committees in Liaoning, Sichuan, etc. A large number of archives are also preserved. Tens of millions of files need to be scientifically classified and cataloged to be easy to use. The First Historical Archives of China classifies archives according to the department, genre, dynasty, and nature of the archives collection. The first major category is called "Quan Zong", which is divided according to the department or individual in which it was originally collected. The Qing Dynasty archives are divided into seventy-four complete zongs, namely, the Cabinet, the Military Aircraft Department, the Zongren Mansion, and the Palace. , the Ministry of Personnel, the Ministry of Household Affairs, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Law, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Patrol Department, the Postal and Communications Department, the Lifan Yuan, the Music Club, Responsible cabinet, Bi De Yuan, Metropolitan Inspector Yuan, Zizheng Yuan, Fang Lue Guan, Hanlin Academy, Dali Temple, Conference Administration Office, Supervisory Salt Administration Office, Prime Minister's Training Office, Management of Forward Guards and other battalion affairs minister's office, Guards Office, Guards Patrol Office, Eight Banners Dutong Yamen, National History Museum, Infantry Command Yamen, Puyi, Heilongjiang General Yamen, etc. Under the Quanzong, it is classified according to the type of text. For example, the Military Aircraft Department Quanzong is divided into ten categories: memorials, archives, communications, documents from various yamen in Beijing, governors' documents to the Military Aircraft Department, notes from foreign countries, telegrams, and letters. Letters, inventories, maps, memorials, miscellaneous items. The entire collection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is divided into fourteen categories, including letters, memorials, edicts, and submissions. Under the major genres, there are also minor genres to distinguish them. For example, the inscriptions on the whole cabinet are divided into six inscriptions on officials, households, rituals, military, punishment, and work. The classification under literary genres is mainly based on dynasty, such as the Six Subjects Title Book, which is divided into Shunzhi, Kangxi and other dynasties. The Shunzhi dynasty is also organized by year.