Jiangchengzi
Su Shi
On the lake, I was endowed with Zhang Xian, and I heard the guzheng playing.
Phoenix Mountain Chu Qing is rainy, the water is clear and the sunset is bright. A lotus flower is still blooming. Where do the double herons fly? Mu Pingting if you are interested.
Suddenly I heard that there was mourning for Zheng on the river, which was bitter and affectionate. Who should listen? Smoke gathers in the clouds, which is auspicious according to the agreement. I want to ask for it at the end of the song, not seeing it, counting the peaks.
(1) What is the main function of the first three sentences about scenery? (2 points)
② In the last film, there are many ways to describe the female guzheng player. Please select one of them for specific analysis. (3 points)
The next movie is mainly about music, and the last three short sentences are meaningful. Try to make a short comment. (3 points)
Answer 1. Writing beautiful mountains and lakes is to set the background for the characters and make them and the natural scenery set each other off. Or: write mountains, rivers and lakes as characters to explain the background, and set off the beauty of people with the beauty of scenery.
(2) Metaphor, pun intended-"A lotus flower blooms and blooms again". Writing about the beauty and lightness of the flower is actually a metaphor for the beauty of playing the piano through water hibiscus, pun intended; Set off-"Where do the double egrets fly? If you are interested, Mu Pingting", personify the egrets, perhaps because you admire beauty or because the music is beautiful, so as to set off the beauty of the girl flying a kite or the beauty of music.
As long as the answer is reasonable, don't stick to words. )
(3) The last three sentences adopt the method of playing hard to get, instead of writing people and music, they write songs and people ending up, only to see Qingfeng still standing quietly by the lake, as if sad music still rippled between mountains and rivers, lingering in people's hearts, with endless meaning in every word. (To deduct music reviews, point to the meaning of "endless words, endless meaning". )
Second, read the following Song lyrics and complete the first 1 12 questions.
well
Qin Guan
The night is as heavy as water, and the wind is tight and the pavilion is closed. The dream breaks the mouse and peeps at the lamp, but the frost sends Han Xiao to invade. No sleep, no sleep, Ma Si people are outside.
(1) "The night is as heavy as water, and the wind is tight at the inn." How does the author feel?
(2) Please explain the implication of "Ma Si people are outside the door".
Reference answer: ① The long night is hard to finish, and that loneliness and desolation is like a long night like water.
(2) It implies that the journey, the long road to the mountain, and the hard life during the day will start again.
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
knight-errant
Dao Jia
After ten years' hard work, I have grinded out a sword. The edge of the sword flashes in cold light, but I haven't tried its sharpness.
Now take it out and show it to you. Whoever is wronged may as well tell me the truth.
Note: Frost blade: Bai Rushuang, blade of sword, flashing cold light.
This poem focuses on the image of a "swordsman". What kind of image is this? Try to analyze it.
Reference answer: This poem depicts the image of a swordsman who is eager to display his talents and achieve a career with an extremely sharp sword that has not yet been sharpened.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Look at Wang Nanxia
Liu Changqing
Facing the mist on the water, I still waved my hand and cried.
Because the flying birds disappeared into space and crossed a desolate green hill.
But now, the long river, the lonely sail and the five lakes are shining with the light of spring in the sunset.
Who sees Tingzhou? Acacia worries about white frequency 2.
Note (1) Tingzhou: Water edge or flat land in water. (2) The last three sentences of this promise are all from "Jiangnan Qu" written by the Liang Dynasty, and the poem says, "Tingzhou picks flowers. Sunset Jiangnan spring. Dongting has returned home, and Xiaoxiang has met an old friend. Why don't old friends return? Spring flowers should be late. Don't talk about new knowledge, just talk about it. "
The combination of reality and fiction in this poem shows the poet's attachment to his friend's parting. Please talk specifically about the feelings conveyed by the words "nothing" and "empty".
Reference answer: The word "no" in the first sentence follows the word "hope". A friend travels like a bird, staring at himself and following his eyes for a long time until he can't see where he is. The word "empty" shows that the person who was sent is far from trace, and also writes the poet's empty and lonely mood at this time. These two sentences vividly show the author's thoughts and concerns about his friends and endless worries.
5. Read the following poem and complete questions (1) and (2).
Zao mei qi Ji
Ten thousand mu can't stand the cold, and plum trees absorb the vitality of underground heating. In the former deep Xue Cun, a branch was opened last night.
The breeze is blowing towards Mei, so it has no emotional appeal. Avon's clean posture makes the birds jumpy. If the plum blossom can blossom on time next year, I hope it can bloom on the spring terrace of people's love.
Buzuz Yongmei Land Tour
Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, exhausted, and has to withstand the wind and rain.
Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.
(1) Two incorrect understandings of Yongmei's two works are ().
A. The poem "Early Plum" is very effective: it is the word "one" in "Blooming Last Night" that shows the "early" of "early plum". If you change it to the word "number", it is far less wonderful than this statement.
B. "The wind sends fragrance, and the bird's eye view is plain and beautiful", which is directly described by the poet in extremely simple words, which describes the flavor and color characteristics of "jujube beauty" and conveys the poet's life feelings at the same time.
C. "Broken Bridge Outside the Post" explains the location environment of plum blossom growth. Outside the post, at the edge of the broken bridge, although the flowers are blooming, no one appreciates them, no one cultivates them, and they feel "lonely" because they have no owner.
D. The poet Lu You expressed his loneliness, helplessness and infinite sadness in the stormy times by saying "It's dusk alone, but it's stormy".
E. When expressing the tenacious vitality of plum blossom, both works are set off by the environment: Early Plum relies on the frozen night of thousands of trees, and Operator Bu relies on the broken bridge outside the post and the stormy dusk.
Reference answers: B, D (B B. "Direct description" should be indirect description; D It is wrong to "express your mind" and "express yourself". The quoted poem was written for plum blossom, and the poet used Yongmei as a metaphor for his misfortune. )
(2) The divination operator is recognized as the self-metaphor of Lu You. Please combine your understanding of Lu You and compare it with "Early Plum" to talk about what kind of thoughts and feelings the poet was entrusted with "divination operator".
Reference answer: The thoughts and feelings expressed by the word "operator" mainly include: plum blossom is not melodramatic, does not admire vanity, does not compete with flowers for spring, is aloof and open in the cold winter, and its indifference makes it open-minded and jealous! "Scattered into mud, ground into dust, only the fragrance remains unchanged", with noble integrity and the same ethics, even if it is reduced to the point of turning mud into dust, the fragrance remains the same. The poet used "flowers" as a metaphor for the humble villain in the officialdom at that time, and plum blossoms as a metaphor for his determination to stick to moral integrity, despite his hardships.
Read the following Tang poems and answer the questions.
Listening to the flute on the Yellow Crane Tower and getting close to Shilang (1)
Lipper
Once people take a back seat, like Jia Yi in Changsha, they look far and wide, but they can't see Chang 'an or their hometown.
The Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May.
Note: ① This was done by Li Bai when he exiled Yelang to Wuchang in the first year of Gan Yuan (758). 2 plum blossom: plum blossom falls, the name of Qupai.
(1) The "moving guest" mentioned in the first sentence of the poem refers to Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty. What feelings does the author use him to express?
(2) The direct interpretation of Tang poetry commented that this poem "blew the flute of infinite love". May in Jiangcheng coincides with early summer. Of course, there are no plums, but when you hear the flute blowing coldly, you will find plum blossoms flying all over the sky. What techniques did the author use? What's the role?
Reference answer: (1) Describe Jia Yi's misfortune, express the poet's feelings of moving away and going to the country, reveal resentment towards innocent victims, and contain the meaning of self-defense.
(2) The poet thought of plum blossom from flute, appealed to vision from hearing, and interwoven with synaesthesia, depicting the desolate scenery consistent with the cold mood, thus effectively setting off the sad mood of homesickness in the countryside.
Read the following poem and answer the following questions.
Shuikou boating
Ju Hee Song
Last night, when it rained on a boat, the whole river was stormy.
At present, only looking at the test paper, there are still many green mountains and trees.
(1) This poem is about the experience and feelings of a boat on the river, and the poet's emotional changes are full of layers. A brief analysis of specific words.
The painting painted by the poet contains philosophy of life. Please taste it carefully and tell me your opinion.
Reference answer: ① "How about the evening?" Write out the worries in the poet's heart. The Examination Paper depicts the poet's mood of both hope and doubt. "Still" reveals the poet's infinite joy.
(2) The storm is always temporary, and it will eventually subside. The green mountains and green waters are eternal, and the vitality of all beautiful things is unstoppable after all. (or "the road of life will never be smooth sailing. As long as we go upstream and fight the wind and rain, we will not reach the ideal realm of enjoying the fun of victory. )
Read the following two songs by Guan Yunshi in Yuan Dynasty, and then answer this question.
[Double Tone] Qingjiang River leads Yongmei.
One: Nan Zhi broke the nuclear first at night, which leaked the news of spring. It's better to have sex in the snow in the middle of the month, and not provoke the bee and butterfly play. There are several seasons when Dimfragrance comes to my dream.
Second: I can't bear to fold what I want to say to the shemale. The bridge is foggy, and the thatched cottage is clear. How many springs are included.
(1) Choose one of the two sentences: "The south branch breaks its core first at night, revealing the spring news" and "There is faint smoke on the bridge, and the cottage is full moon" to concisely appreciate the technique and effect.
(2) Both poems are about Yongmei, but they have their own emphasis on metaphor. Please analyze it briefly.
Reference answer: (1) The word "leakage" in the sentence "Southern knowledge ... leaked ..." personifies plum blossoms, vividly writing the scene that the southern branch of plum blossoms opens early and secretly announces spring. "Xiqiao ... hut ..." The antithesis is neat (with overlapping words, plums set off the scenery from the side), and the mysterious and hazy beauty and crystal clear show of plums are written.
(2) (1) Praise the noble spirit of plum blossom, rush to meet the snow, declare spring without contention, and be fragrant without flattery, which shows the noble character of the poet who is chaste, self-controlled and unconventional. (2) The charm and infinite charm of wild plum in suburban areas are described in the smoke cage moon cover, which expresses the poet's sincere appreciation and infinite love for wild plum.
Read the following words and answer the questions.
Ding Fengbo
Su Shi
On March 7th, it rained on Hu Sha Road. Rain gear came first, and colleagues were in a mess. I don't know, but it cleared up, so I pretended to do it.
Don't pay attention to the beating rain in the forest. Mei sings a long whistle and walks leisurely. Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life.
The cold spring breeze woke me up and it was a little cold. The hillside is sloping, but it is pleasant. Looking back at the bleak place, rain or shine.
Note: This word was written when Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou.
The words "don't listen" and "why not" at the beginning of (1) express the author's feelings.
(2) Expressing his feelings through the foreground of his eyes, the "wind and rain" in the poem is both a real reference and a metaphor. Combined with the poet's political situation, this paper analyzes the metaphorical meaning of "wind and rain" and summarizes the author's attitude towards life in his poems.
Reference answers: ① Don't Listen shows the author's indifferent attitude towards the wind and rain, thus reflecting the author's broad-minded attitude towards life; "Why not" is even smaller. In the face of wind and rain, the author had to recite poems and walk leisurely, implying the author's challenge to natural wind and rain and bad luck in life.
(2) Wind and rain borrow the wind and rain of nature to metaphor and symbolize the ups and downs of life. Among the joys and sorrows that ordinary people think, the author thinks that the past is nothing whether it is windy or rainy or sunny. This just reflects the author's detached attitude towards life, which is "not happy with things, not sad with oneself". Don't be pessimistic and disappointed when encountering setbacks; Don't be complacent when the situation is smooth, but always maintain inner peace and detachment.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Du fu of Jianghan
Jianghan thinks of returning to the guest and rushing to a corrupt scholar. The sky is far away, and the moon is always alone.
Sunset disturbs the heart, and autumn wind disease. Since ancient times, the old horse has not spent its physical strength because of its wisdom. Therefore, although I am old and sicker, I can still do it.
(1) This is a poem written by Du Fu when he spent the night in Jianghan. In the poem, couplets use several images, such as "a cloud", "a lonely moon", "sunset" and "autumn wind". Please analyze the artistic conception of their scenes blending.
(2) Some people think that this poem is permeated with the poet's spirit of self-improvement, while others think that this poem expresses the poet's resentment. What do you agree with? Please provide a justification for the answer. You can also express your views.
Reference answer: (1) The artistic conception of Parallel Clouds and Lonely Moon is bleak, revealing the author's loneliness and boredom; The artistic conception of Sunset and Autumn Wind is magnificent and open, which also reflects the author's optimism and open-mindedness.
(2) open the topic and make sense. Those who answer "self-improvement" should contact "the setting sun is still strong" and those who answer "resentment" should contact "don't go far".
Read the following Tang poem and answer the following questions.
join the army
The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love.
I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.
(1) What role does the word "always" play in poetry?
(2) Some people say that "the moon shines on the Great Wall in high autumn" is a stroke of genius. Do you think so? Please talk about your reasons.
Reference answer: (1) plays a turning point. No matter how the timbre and tune of pipa change, it is inseparable from the content of homesickness, which shows that homesickness is hard to get rid of.
(2) Generally, poetry always writes about scenery first, then feelings, but the first three sentences of this poem are lyrical, and then the scenery is written. The description of the scenery further highlights homesickness and makes the whole poem look tragic and open.
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Qi bid farewell to Wei.
In the morning, I heard the wanderer singing a farewell song. Last night, you crossed the Yellow River.
People who are most worried are afraid to hear the swan song, and lonely travelers are in the silence of mountains and clouds.
Here in the gate city, it will be cold, and the voice of the imperial anvil is much late.
Please don't think Chang 'an is a place of enjoyment, lest you waste precious time.
Note: farewell song: farewell song. Guancheng: Tongguan and Hanguguan. Royal Garden: Royal Palace.
Anvil: The sound of beating cold clothes.
(1) What are the characteristics of the season (parting environment) expressed by the first couplet and the parallel couplet? What emotion did the poet express from it?
(2) What artistic techniques are used to express ideological content?
Reference answer: (1) "Slight Frost" and "Red Rock" point out the bleak atmosphere in late autumn when bidding farewell, and express the sadness and sadness of the poet when bidding farewell.
(2) With heartfelt feelings, the Tailing Association expressed its advice to Wei Wan in the tone of an elder: Don't waste your good time by taking Chang 'an as a place to have fun. This is the most common way to send a farewell poem.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
See Wei Er (Tang) Wang Changling off.
Upstairs, the river was drunk and drunk to bid farewell to the sweet orange pomelo, and the wind and rain in the river brought the boat desolate.
Imagine that you are alone in the xiaoxiang moon, listening to the long ape with a melancholy dream.
(1) The word "Shuang" in the second sentence is well used. What's so good about it?
(2) This poem is a combination of reality and fiction in artistic conception. Please briefly analyze this artistic technique and its function.
Reference answer: (1) "Cool" not only writes about the physical coldness felt in the autumn wind and autumn rain, but also writes about the sad inner feelings at this time because of the separation of friends.
(2) The first sentence and the second sentence of this poem were written on a clear autumn day, and the smell of orange pomelo wafted in the air. The poet gave a banquet on the high building by the river to bid farewell to his friends, and then sent them aboard in the autumn wind and autumn rain. These two sentences are about the real scene in front of us. In the last two sentences, the poet takes the word "memory" as a pedestrian, and fictionalizes a typical lonely scene at night: in the near future, a friend will spend the night in Xiaoxiang, and it is difficult to sleep because of a lonely moon. Even if the poem falls asleep temporarily, the apes on both sides of the strait will burst into dreams one by one, making him unable to get rid of melancholy. These two sentences are empty. It is an illusion to go boating on a moonlit night, and even more so to listen to apes in a dream. In this way, the combination of reality and fiction in the whole poem, with the help of imagination, expands the expression space and artistic conception, makes the poem more hazy and beautiful, deepens the theme, and is more conducive to expressing melancholy and parting feelings.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
(1) What artistic techniques are used to describe the scenery in the first couplet of this poem? Please analyze it.
(2) Please briefly analyze how the scenery and lyricism of this poem are closely combined.
Reference answer: (1) These two sentences are written from the autumn wind to the river sandbar, with a combination of pitching and a high and wide field of vision; Apes wail, birds whirl, the autumn water is crystal clear, the sandbars are gray, the movement is harmonious, and the sound is rich. Six kinds of scenery make up a huge picture of autumn scenery.
(2) The first four sentences describe the distant and bleak scene of late autumn, which sets off the poet's feelings of wandering for many years, being sick and lonely, worrying about the country and hurting the country, and creates a gloomy and sad artistic conception.
Read the following two poems and then answer this question.
Yu Chang 'an returned to Yangzhou, and Weishan Pavilion had a rhyme on September 9th.
Director Jiang
My heart went south, but my body came back from north to south in autumn.
How many flowers are there under the fence in my hometown today?
March for nine days, thinking about Chang' an home.
Cen Can
On the ninth festival of the ninth day of September, I reluctantly climbed to the heights to look out, but no one could deliver wine in the marching war.
I look at my hometown Chang 'an with a heavy heart. The chrysanthemums around this battlefield are scattered.
Note: ① General Manager Jiang, Southern Dynasty poet Chen. Chen died, entered Chang 'an, became an official in the Sui Dynasty, and later resigned and returned to the south. This poem was written on the way back to the south.
(2) Cen Can, a frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. An Shi Rebellion, the fall of Chang 'an, so there is this poem.
(1) What are the similarities between these two poems in content?
(2) How do the two poems express different thoughts and feelings?
Reference answer: (1) The content is similar: these two poems are both about chrysanthemums in my hometown, and they are both about homesickness for the Double Ninth Festival.
⑵ Different thoughts and feelings: The first poem shows the poet's nostalgia and homesickness for his hometown, and reveals his feelings of seclusion in the countryside. The second poem shows the poet's pain in his hometown war and his desire to recover lost ground.
16. Read the following Tang poems and complete the following questions.
A farewell to Shang Hu Tingrongyu.
It's a pavilion on the Spring Breeze Lake, and wicker vines are divorced.
The oriole has known each other for a long time, and she wanted to stop crying four or five times. Hun (all, all)
(1) What artistic means does the author use to express his deep affection for the pavilion in the middle of the lake? Please analyze this poem in detail.
(2) The ancients paid great attention to the refinement of words when writing poems, and the verbs "Xi" and "crow" in poems were used accurately and vividly. Please analyze it briefly.
Reference answer: ① Using anthropomorphic techniques, willow, vine and oriole are endowed with human touch, which subtly and implicitly expresses the poet's attachment to the pavilions on the lake.
② The word "tie" conforms to the slender and soft characteristics of wicker vine, and also describes the action of wicker vine pulling its own clothes and tassels, showing its attachment to its owner and deep affection for parting; The word "crow" describes the characteristics of oriole howling, which seems to be a kind of talk to retain and a sad parting.
Read the following Tang poems and answer the questions.
A letter to Pei Di from my cabin in Wangchuan.
[Tang] Wang Wei
The mountains are cold and blue, and the autumn water flows day by day.
At the door of my thatched cottage, leaning on my cane, I listened to the cicadas singing in the evening breeze.
Sunset lingers at the ferry, and the smoke from supper rises from the house.
Oh, when will I make a wish to the great hermit again and sing a wild poem under five willows? .
Note: Jieyu was a hermit in the Spring and Autumn Period. May 6th refers to Tao Yuanming.
(1) What's the role of the word "Zhuan" in "Cold Mountain Scenery" in landscape writing?
(2) What are the characteristics of this poem?
(3) What thoughts and feelings does the poem show in the description of scenery and characters?
Reference answer: (1) wrote the dynamics of the color gradient of the mountain.
(2)① Scenery description is vivid, colorful and tangible, which embodies the characteristics of "painting in poetry"; (2) The scenery written has the subjective color of the author and is written in harmony; (3) Choose scenery with seasonal and time characteristics to form a harmonious and quiet landscape painting. (Answer two points correctly from the above three points)
(3) It shows the leisure and happiness of the poet's seclusion.
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Living in the stream is Cui Daorong.
Whoever doesn't tie the boat outside the fence, the spring breeze blows into the fish bay.
The child suspected villagers, but was anxious to go to Chai Men.
This poem is purely a sketch, unpretentious, unpretentious, unpretentious and natural. The poet successfully captured the image of a rural child and showed us a simple landscape of a water town. Try to analyze this image in detail.
Reference answer: The author uses the words "doubt" and "urgency" to vividly describe children's psychological state of curiosity, excitement, carelessness and anxiety. The poet captured this interesting little shot and successfully outlined the image of a warm, simple, innocent and lovely rural child.
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Fengle Pavilion Youchun (3)
Ouyang Xiu
Mangroves and green hills are dying, and grass in the long suburbs is endless.
Visitors, no matter how old they are, will walk to the front of the exhibition hall in spring.
(1) What are the characteristics of late spring in this poem?
(2) How do tourists feel about this?
Reference answer: (1) This poem describes the endless and lush beauty in late spring (or: this poem describes the characteristics of lush vegetation and red everywhere in late spring).
(2) Tourists love it but are reluctant to part with it.
Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Chunsi
Jia zhi
The grass is green, the willows are yellow, and the peach blossoms are messy.
Don't worry about the east wind, but spring can make you hate for a long time.
(1) What are the characteristics of the spring scenery in the first and second sentences of the poem?
(2) Some people think that the whole poem embodies the poet's love for spring. Do you think so? What role does the description of scenery in poetry play in lyricism? Try to analyze the whole poem briefly.
Reference answer: (1) bright and moving, full of vitality. (just have the same meaning)
(2) No, the whole poem focuses on expressing the poet's inner worries. ① Description of scenery is the basis and basis of lyricism. In the first two sentences of the poem, the poet chooses spring scenery to describe and deliberately renders the gorgeous scenery of spring; Three or four lyrical sentences translate into melancholy, and the east wind blows endlessly, but it can cheer and hate in spring, and the beautiful scenery in front of it has become the foreshadowing of spring hate. (2) Use beautiful scenery to contrast the inner sadness (happy scenery to write sorrow), and the emotional expression is graceful and profound.
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