Modern poetry includes metrical poems and quatrains. Poetry is divided into five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character poems and seven-character poems.
3 words, also known as poems, long and short sentences, songs, music words, Yuefu and so on. Its characteristics: the tone has a fixed frame, the sentence has a fixed number and the word has a fixed tone. According to different words, it can be divided into long tone (9 1 word or more), middle tone (59-90 words) and short tone (58 words or less). Words can be divided into monosyllabic and disyllabic, and disyllabic is divided into two paragraphs, in which the level and number of words are equal or roughly equal, and monosyllabic is only one paragraph. A paragraph of a word is called a que or an article, the first paragraph is called Qianque, Shangque and Shangpian, and the second paragraph is called Houque, Xiaque and Xiapian.
Four songs, also known as Yu Ji and Yue Fu. Yuanqu includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu rose in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style was similar to that of Ci. Features: the number of words can be added with interlining, and more oral English is used. Sanqu includes poems and songs. The number of songs is a coherent set of songs, ranging from two to dozens. Each group number takes the song of the first song as the name of the whole set of songs, and the whole set of songs must be in the same palace tune. It has no guests, but only oratorios.
5 New Poetry (or Vernacular Poetry)
Question 2: What is the difference between the genres of poetry? Rhyme is eight sentences and seven rhymes.
The quatrains are four sentences and three rhymes.
Lvshi
A modern poem of China. The meter is very strict Shen Yue's new-style poems originated in the period of Qi Yong in the Southern Dynasty, paying attention to rhythm and duality. They were formalized in the early Tang Dynasty when Shen Yi asked about lying, and matured in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Rhyme requires the unity of the number of words in the poem, and each poem is five-character, six-character and seven-character sentences, which are referred to as five laws, six laws and seven laws, among which six laws are relatively rare. The usual metrical poems stipulate 8 sentences each. If there are only six sentences, it is called a small law or a three-rhyme poem; More than 8 sentences, that is, 10 sentences, are called exclusive laws or long laws. Usually eight paragraphs are completed, and every two sentences form a couplet, which counts as four paragraphs. It is customary to call the first couplet a title, the second couplet a parallel, the third couplet a neck couplet and the fourth couplet a sentence. The upper and lower sentences of two or three couplets (namely, parallel couplets and neck couplets) of each song must be antithetical sentences. In addition to the first and last couplet, the middle couplet must be duplicated. The dual requirements of secondary laws are more extensive. Rhyme requires the whole poem to rhyme, and the rhyme is limited; The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, the first sentence can be put on or off, and the words of each rhyming sentence are flat. There are "flat rise" and "flat rise" in the upper and lower sentences. In addition, the metrical requirements of metrical poems also apply to quatrains.
There are variations in metrical poems in Tang Dynasty before and after they are finalized. Some metrical poems are not completely written according to the format, such as the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao, which means that the first half is archaic and the second half is homophonic. This change in metrical poetry is called "difficult style".
Quatrain
China's poetic style. Also known as broken sentences, broken sentences and broken poems. Each song has four sentences, usually five or seven words. Known as the five wonders, seven wonders, and occasionally six wonders. It originated from the ballads of the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The name "Jueju" originated in the Southern Dynasties. Liang, generally, uses quatrains to refer to four short poems, and their rhymes are relatively free, or they are ancient quatrains. After the Tang Dynasty, quatrains in the near aspect prevailed, and the meter was the same as the first, last or middle four sentences in eight metrical poems. Therefore, some people in the Tang Dynasty attributed quatrains to metrical poems in their poetry collections. Later, some scholars thought that quatrains were formed by cutting off half of orthographic poems. Quatrains are flexible and light, suitable for expressing fleeting thoughts and feelings, and are widely used by poets, and their creation is more prosperous than other poems. In Song Dynasty, Hong Mai compiled 10,000 quatrains in Tang Dynasty, accounting for 1/5 of the total number of existing Tang poems. Besides Li Bai, Wang Changling, Chu Mu and Li Shangyin, who are good at quatrains, there are many famous works throughout the ages, which are not necessarily written by famous writers. In addition, most quatrains in the Tang Dynasty were sung by music, such as Cheng Wei Qu by Wang Wei, Qing Ping Diao by Li Bai, Zhi Zhu Ci by Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi, and Yang Liuzhi. Therefore, quatrains are also considered as Yuefu in the Tang Dynasty.
Question 3: What are the genres of poetry? Formally, it can be divided into ① ancient poems ② modern poems ③ words ④ songs.
From the theme, it can be divided into 1. Write lyric poems about scenery, 2. Poems about objects, 3. Feeling poems about things, 4. Chant past poems, 5. Poetry about border fighting.
Genre: ancient poetry and new poetry. Ancient poetry is divided into modern poetry and ancient poetry. New poems include free poems, prose poems and folk songs.
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Question 4: What is the common sense of the genre of ancient poetry?
First, the classification of ancient poetry
Ancient poetry includes poems and songs.
From the form of poetry can be divided into:
(1) Ancient poems, including four-character poems (first appeared in The Book of Songs), five-character poems (matured in the Han Dynasty, such as Nineteen Ancient Poems), seven-character poems (matured in the Tang Dynasty, such as The Song of Eternal Sorrow) and Yuefu poems (some titles added songs, lines, songs and songs).
Classical poetry does not talk about antithesis and rhymes freely. The development track of classical poetry: The Book of Songs → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Folk Songs → Jian 'an Poetry → Tao Poetry and other literati five-character poems → Tang Dynasty Ancient Style New Yuefu.
② Modern poetry, including metrical poems and quatrains. Modern poetry flourished in the Tang Dynasty. In addition to regular arrangement, there are definite sentences, definite words, definite sounds and definite rhymes. There are two kinds of quatrains: five-character quatrains (five-character quatrains) and seven-character quatrains (seven-character quatrains). There are three kinds of metrical poems: five-character metrical poems (five laws), seven-character metrical poems (seven laws) and arranged laws.
③ Ci, which flourished in the Song Dynasty, can be divided into three forms according to the number of words: Xiaoling (within 58 words), Zhongdiao (within 59-90 words) and Longdiao (above 9 1 word). The tone of the word is fixed, the sentence is fixed, the word is fixed, and the rhyme is positioned. Words can be divided into monosyllabic and disyllabic, and disyllabic is divided into two paragraphs, in which the level and number of words are equal or roughly equal, and monosyllabic is only one paragraph. A paragraph of a word is called a que or an article, the first paragraph is called Qianque, Shangque and Shangpian, and the second paragraph is called Houque, Xiaque and Xiapian.
④ Qu, also known as Yuefu. Qu Xingsheng was born in Yuan Dynasty, and there are two forms: Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu has two forms: poem (short tune) and divertimento (also called divertimento).
Second, the related knowledge of poems, words and songs.
(1) Ancient poetry? "Modern Style" Poetry
Classical poetry and modern poetry are divided from the perspective of poetic rhythm. The main difference between them is that modern poetry refers to metrical poetry formed in the early Tang Dynasty, which has strict rules on the number of words, rhyme and antithesis, while classical poetry does not talk about metrical poetry, and poems before the Tang Dynasty are all classical poetry.
2 Rhythm poem? Quatrains (also called abridged sentences)
The difference between metrical poems and quatrains is mainly in the number of sentences. There are only four quatrains, which can be typed or not. There are * * * eight metrical poems, one or two of which are head couplets, three or four are parallel couplets, five or six are neck couplets, and seven or eight are tail couplets; The first couplet and the last couplet can be couplet, but they can't be couplet, and the couplet and the neck couplet must be couplet; No matter whether it is a metrical poem or a quatrain, there are requirements for leveling. Rhymes of more than eight sentences are excluded.
Three songs? Okay？ guide
There is no strict difference between the three genres of ancient poetry. Generally speaking, syllables and metrical forms are relatively free, including five words, seven words and miscellaneous words, such as "The Hut is Blown by Autumn Wind", "Pipa Line" and "Li Ping Quotations".
4 Yuefu? China Music House
Yuefu, originally the official name in charge of music in the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, later became a poetic name. Music songs collected and created by Yuefu officials in the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties are called Yuefu for short. Xinle Building was built in the early Tang Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, poets wrote Yuefu poems, except following the old poems of Yuefu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, a few poets created new poems, which were different from the original rhyme, so they were called new Yuefu, and the name of the new Yuefu was determined by Bai Juyi.
Five topics? Name of lyrics and songs
The difference between title and epigraph: the title of a word is the embodiment of the content of the word, and epigraph is the name of the tune of the word. Such as "Niannujiao? In Nostalgia at Red Cliff, "Nian Nujiao" is the inscription and "Nostalgia at Red Cliff" is the title, which shows that the word is a lyric and the place is "Red Cliff". A word must have a epigraph, but not necessarily a title. A word is divided into two sections, the upper section is called "Shangque" (or "Part I") and the lower section is called "Xiaque" (or "Part II") (Que means the end of music).
Third, from the theme of poetry can be divided into:
Lyrics about scenery, lyrics about scenic spots and natural scenery. Because of their dissatisfaction with reality, some ancient poets often attached their feelings to mountains and rivers, and expressed their thoughts and feelings by describing the scenery of rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poetry often contains the feelings expressed by the scenery described later, which is what people often say. Its style is fresh and natural.
(2) Poetry is expressed by chanting things, in which the poet describes the shape, characteristics, charm and personality of chanting things, so as to entrust the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality or ideal.
(3) I feel nostalgic about poetry, because one thing causes the poet's feelings, such as homesickness, homesickness and friends.
(4) Memorizing the past and chanting epic poems, taking historical allusions as the theme, or expressing their opinions, or satirizing the present through the past, or expressing vicissitudes of life.
⑤ frontier poems, describing frontier scenery and the military life of soldiers guarding the frontier, or expressing optimistic and heroic feelings or homesickness, with a sad style ... >>
Question 5: What is Xie Miao doing now? 20 points, Xie Miao
Birthday:1May 2, 984 Zodiac: Rat sign: Taurus
Blood type: type B.
Place of birth: Beijing
Education: I study in Beijing Sport University.
Height: 165 Weight: 55kg
Ranked at home: the boss
Favorite sport: Wushu
Favorite musical instrument: guzheng
Favorite season: winter
Favorite color: green.
Favorite Festival: April Fool's Day
Favorite actor: Jet Li.
Favorite song: drunken boxing
Favorite hobby: watching movies
Favorite animal: dog
Favorite book: Qin Shihuang
Favorite director: Jing Wong.
Most respected people: parents
The role you want to play most: chivalrous man
Favorite dress: casual.
Favorite weapon: sword
Favorite film and television drama: martial arts drama
Question 6: What are the six common genres of poetry? Poetry genre:
1 Ancient poems, including ancient poems (poems before the Tang Dynasty), songs of Chu and Yuefu poems. The poetic style of classical poetry can be divided into Yuefu, Zayan, Siyan, Wuyan and Qiyan. Pay attention to the styles of ancient poetry such as Song, Song Xing, Quotations, Qu and Ling, which also belong to ancient poetry. Classical poetry does not talk about antithesis and rhymes freely. The development track of classical poetry: The Book of Songs → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Folk Songs → Jian 'an Poetry → Tao Poetry and other literati five-character poems → Tang Dynasty Ancient Style New Yuefu.
Modern poetry includes metrical poems and quatrains. Poetry is divided into five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character poems and seven-character poems.
3 words, also known as poems, long and short sentences, songs, music words, Yuefu and so on. Its characteristics: the tone has a fixed frame, the sentence has a fixed number and the word has a fixed tone. According to different words, it can be divided into long tone (9 1 word or more), middle tone (59-90 words) and short tone (58 words or less). Words can be divided into monosyllabic and disyllabic, and disyllabic is divided into two paragraphs, in which the level and number of words are equal or roughly equal, and monosyllabic is only one paragraph. A paragraph of a word is called a que or an article, the first paragraph is called Qianque, Shangque and Shangpian, and the second paragraph is called Houque, Xiaque and Xiapian.
Four songs, also known as Yu Ji and Yue Fu. Yuanqu includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu rose in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style was similar to that of Ci. Features: the number of words can be added with interlining, and more oral English is used. Sanqu includes poems and songs. The number of songs is a coherent set of songs, ranging from two to dozens. Each group number takes the song of the first song as the name of the whole set of songs, and the whole set of songs must be in the same palace tune. It has no guests, but only oratorios.
5 New Poetry (or Vernacular Poetry)
Poetry is a lyrical literary genre. Mao's Preface to Poetry says: "Poets have their own aspirations. Have ambition in your heart and speak like a poem. " Yan Yu's Poems on Canglang in the Southern Song Dynasty said that "poets chant temperament". There is only one art expressed in words: poetry.
In ancient China, unhappy people were called poems and happy people were called songs. In modern times, they are generally called poems. It expresses social life and people's spiritual world according to certain syllables and rhythms. The origin of poetry can be traced back to ancient times. There are related documents in Yu Shun period. The Book of Songs is China's first collection of poems, which is said to have been compiled by Confucius. There is still debate on this issue in academic circles. China's ancient poetry experienced the development of Yuefu, Tang Poetry, Song Poetry and Yuan Qu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Hanshu? "Rites and Music" records: "If it is difficult to achieve with relatives, then from poetry, the string of Zhong Shi." Han Xun said, "Han Ji? Hui Di Ji is a poem. Han Yu's Preface to Poems in Yunzhou Xitang in the Tang Dynasty: "Although the works of the four ponds are said to have words but no poems, they connect the people of the country with Tao and do not attract public morality." "Zhen ze long language Wang Minghao? Official system: "Hanlin in Tang and Song Dynasties is a very strict place, and many people can see it in poetry. "Lu Xun's letters? To Dou: "Although there are two kinds of poems: reading and singing, the latter is better. "Kong Yu, sui county literature and history information? Yuan's garden: "Yuan ()' s garden is in Mingfengmen ... Every auspicious day, scholars and celebrities from the state gather here. The poem recited later became an album called Penglai Jisheng. "