Engaged in microcontroller development (8-bit 805 1 series, 32-bit ARM series, etc.). ), FPGA(CPLD), digital logic circuit, microcomputer interface (serial port, parallel port, USB, PCI). Write drivers and underlying applications are more demanding.
Single chip microcomputer is mainly developed in C language and assembly language, and its complexity involves the development and transplantation of real-time embedded operating systems (ucLinux, VxWorks, uC-OS, WindowsCE, etc.). ).
Most people engaged in electronic technology are engaged in this direction, mainly used in industrial control, monitoring and so on.
2. Communication direction
One branch is engineering design, construction and debugging (base station, computer room, etc. The other branch is development, such as routers, switches, software, etc. You need to know the No.7 signaling and various communication-related protocols, and the development platform ranges from ARM and DSP to Linux and Unix.
3. Multimedia direction
Various audio and video codecs, such as mpeg2, mpeg4, h.264 and h.263, are mainly developed on ARM, DSP and windows.
4. Power supply
Power supply belongs to analog circuit, including linear power supply, switching power supply, transformer and so on. Power supply is an important part of any circuit.
5. RF and microwave circuits
That is, radio electronic circuits. Include antennas, microwave solid-state circuits, and the like. Belonging to a high-frequency analog circuit. It is one of the core parts of various communication systems.
6. Signal processing
This includes image processing and pattern recognition. This requires some mathematical knowledge, mainly matrix algebra, probability and stochastic process, Fourier analysis. It is very attractive to extract the components we are interested in from a group of chaotic signals, which means something like artificial intelligence. Such as radar signal synthesis, image transformation, CT scanning, license plate, face, fingerprint recognition and so on.
7. Microelectronics direction
The design and manufacture of integrated circuits are divided into front end and back end. The front-end focuses on functional design, and the development of FPGA(CPLD) can also be regarded as the front-end design, while the back-end focuses on the realization of physical layout.
8. There are still many directions.
Such as audio circuits, power electronic circuits, control circuits and protocols for automobiles and airplanes. Physics majors who are engaged in electronic technology generally tend to apply physics more, so that they can give full play to their expertise. Such as analog circuit, radio frequency circuit, power supply and even integrated circuit design. If you have a certain physical foundation and love to do it, you should consider these difficult directions. Although it's not easy to get started, it's all very professional things. Most of them with more than five years' experience earn more than 65,438+00,000 yuan per month (the monthly salary of RF engineers recruited by Agilent in Beijing is 4,000 dollars). Moreover, these majors are sacred books to outsiders, and the older they get, the more popular they become.