Please extract and learn "Du Li's article is there, and the flames are endless." Han Yu has long reminded everyone that it is a correct view that both Li and Du should attach importance to it. However, in the long history, there are countless comments on merits and demerits, including Li and Du. It is precisely because Du Li of China is deeply rooted in life and their poems are an inseparable part of China culture that so many scholars have come to discuss this issue. Let's review the "Du Li's pros and cons" in history. Let's start with Du Li's evaluation before her death. Li Bai had a poem before his death. One of He Zhang called him "fallen fairy" when he saw him. Du Fu praised him as "invincible in Bai Ye's poems" and "shocked the wind and rain, and made his poems cry". Hao Wei said in "Preface to Collection": "Fighting for the ancients in vain, ghosts speak in a few words." Many scholars speak highly of Li Bai. It can be seen that the spread and influence of Li Bai's poems at that time was very great. Du Fu was not as famous as Li Bai when he was born, but he was not unknown. Ren Hua praised the growth of his poetry. "When there is no wind, the sea rises, and Hua Yue wants to ride the ground. It can be seen that Du Li has his own strengths. During this period, Li Bai seems to be more stealing the limelight. When the time came, Yang Du began to suppress Li. Yuan Zhen's exposition of Du Li's respective strengths is more pertinent, but not fair enough. In fact, Li Bai's Yuefu poems are better than Du Fu's, but Yuan said that "shoulders are not as beautiful as children". Du Fu's poems are superior to Li Bai's and Yuan's achievements are extraordinary. Bai Juyi's evaluation tendency is the same as Yuan's, but it is objective without belittling Li Bai. He clearly pointed out: "Those who are also masters of poetry are called Du Li's works in the world. It's amazing, but people can't catch it. " "Du Fu's poems are the most, which can be spread to more than one thousand. As for them, they are excellent throughout the ages. " This is on the basis of juxtaposition, and it is considered that Du has the position of Li. Later, Han, Liu and others thought that everyone was equal. In the early Song Dynasty, Du was not higher than Li. For example, Yang Yi, the main representative of the school, said that "the beauty of children is often short and ugly, and they are called village owners. "In the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, the situation changed a little. Everyone has different views on several documents. For example, Ouyang Xiu likes not only Li Bai's talent, but also the rich imagination and boldness of Li Bai's poems. In Reading Li Ji's Effective Style, he concentrated on this point. Of course, he didn't belittle Du Fu. Zhu and others also highly praised Li Bai. Wang Anshi and Su Shi are different from Ouyang Xiu. They worship Du Fu more. They not only like his poems, but also appreciate his personality. Su Shi once said: "Therefore, as far as poetry is concerned, changes in literature, literature, Korean, Yan and Wu Daozi can be achieved. "It is worth noting that the main writers who represented the outstanding achievements of the Northern Song Dynasty in this period, although they had personal appreciation preferences, did not argue about Du Li's superiority or inferiority. During the Southern Song Dynasty, some patriots in the Southern Song Dynasty admired Du Fu's poems, probably out of the same pain of home and country. For example, Li Gang said in "Collation of Du Zimei Collection": "I usually read it and have never seen it; After Qin Yi's funeral, reciting his poems, if the time is right, will suit people's hearts, and then know the beauty of his words? Quot The reason why he admired Du Fu was his loyalty to the motherland, not just his syntactic words. However, suppressing Li was not the general trend at that time, and most people still said that they would not publicize this and suppress that. The two also said that they had the support of Lu You, Yan Yu and others. Throughout the Song Dynasty, although learning from Du Fu became a common practice and Du Fu's reputation was high, except for a few critics, he still admired Du Fu without restraining Li Bai, and Li Bai's position in the history of poetry remained unshakable. In the Yuan Dynasty ruled by Mongols, poets like Fang Hui, Liu and Zhou Quan spoke highly of Li Bai. Yuan people highly praised Li Bai's poetic style and made many comments. The Preface to Yuan Qu compiled by Qing people said: "How gloomy is the Song poetry? W, near Shaoling; How young and white is Yuan Shi? It can be seen that Yuan people respected Li Bai more, which was related to his poetic style. In the Ming Dynasty, the tendency of advocating Li Bai increased and further developed, such as Liu Ji, Gao Qi, Wang Shizhen, Yang Shen and Li Zhi. For example, Gao Qi said in "Reading Du Li's Poems at Night": "The former song is difficult to relax, and the latter song is forced to do it" ... "In the Ming Dynasty, Li was paid more attention than Du Fu, mainly focusing on the art and style of poetry, which was closely related to the academic thought at that time. In Qing Dynasty, Du Li paid equal attention to them from the mainstream. As Qian said: "In the Tang Dynasty, Li and Du were full of flames, and everyone knew them." Zhao Yi said, "Although Du Fu is immortal, Li's name cannot be diminished slightly. Readers feel that it is beyond the reach of genius to learn while Li dares not. But some people are more inclined to Li Bai. For example, although Wang Fuzhi said that Li and Du were important figures, Du was critical. And Yuan, Wang Shizhen and others are biased towards Li Bai, so I won't list them one by one. Looking at history, we can see the following points: 1. When commenting on Du Li, due to the different hobbies, experiences and positions of later scholars, they have different views on Li Bai's and Du Fu's poems. Basically, there are three attitudes: Yang Du's suppression of Li and Yang Du's suppression of Du, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. When commenting on Du Li's advantages and disadvantages, we can see that most people firmly believe that Du Li has her own achievements and is irreplaceable. This is an unchangeable fact. This fact has always been respected by most theorists. 3. There are some theorists in each period, and they have their own favorite emphases. We can't simply summarize this phenomenon as realism or non-realism, or as people love Li Bai and officials love Du Fu. If you say so, it's ridiculous in itself. As a latecomer, the key lies in how to analyze, study and absorb the part of their heritage that is beneficial to us; Instead of indiscriminate attacks, it is boring and ridiculous.
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