Among the poems (words) written by the ancients, there are four seasons, mountains and rivers, life experiences, joys and sorrows ... Du Fu is the most comprehensive "diary". We often call his poems "the history of poetry" and say that his poems are the history of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is from the national point of view. But from a personal point of view, his poetry is a "diary", which records his ideals, struggles, loneliness and regrets from his youth to the critical moment in his later years. If it is named according to the present taste, it must be Du Fu-the earliest wandering in Beijing, Du Fu's promotion and Du Fu's wandering. So do other poets. Li Bai lived in seclusion today, went out tomorrow, stayed in Beijing the day after tomorrow, and was demoted the day after tomorrow. They all have diaries and become famous articles. Among Su Shi's official career, Huangzhou's Diary is the most wonderful and has been passed down to this day.
2. The ancients wrote poems (words) to meet the needs of imperial examinations and Longmen.
In the Tang Dynasty, poetry, as one of the contents of the imperial examination, naturally attracted the attention of scholars, so writing poetry became an important content.
Wang Wei is a famous pastoral poet. His poems are well written, widely circulated and have great influence. Even the princess, who is close to her family, read his poems, which laid the foundation for him to win the first prize in scientific research. Li Bai's poems were widely circulated in the Tang Dynasty, and even Emperor Li Longji knew his name. The reason is that Li Bai's own poems are well advertised. At that time, Prince He Zhangzhi appreciated his talent very much, so he recommended Li Bai to the emperor. Li Longji later called Li Bai the Hanlin. In the Tang Dynasty, poetry creation became an important channel for officials to be promoted, and the magnificent landscape of the whole Tang poetry was not unrelated to scientific research.
Ancient people wrote poems (words) to meet the needs of communication between relatives and friends.
In many poems, there are farewell, confidant and other types. These poems show the sincere feelings of friends who share joys and sorrows and comfort each other. For example, Farewell to the Governor in Shu, Du Fu's Spring Memories of Li Bai, Li Bai's Farewell to Friends, Wang Wei's Anxi, Gao Shi's Biedongda, Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian in Furong Inn, Du Fu's Moonlit Night and Liu Yong's Yulin Ridge. Through these well-known masterpieces, we seem to see the tears of parting and the distant boat trip. A poem is worth a thousand words. Poets spend so little time together that it is unimaginable for us modern people to meet and hate each other late. Poetry (words) has strong feelings that people can't understand.
4. Ancient people wrote poems (words) as a way to relieve depression or as a way of entertainment.
There are also happy chapters in ancient poetry, but most of the articles are about the frustration of not meeting talents, the frustration of not realizing ideals and ambitions, the frustration of being exiled from Beijing and the pain of leaving home. In ancient times, it was unimaginable that traffic was difficult, communication was inconvenient and living conditions were bad. The word "cold", which often appears in ancient poetry, should not be regarded as an ordinary word, from which we can experience the biting cold wind. At that time, there was no air conditioning and heating, and the warmth of clothes was poor, which is difficult for us modern people to understand. Poets live in post houses, temples, or official residences and stand alone in stormy nights. Or spring flowers, walking along the river. I miss my family and friends, and all kinds of emotions come to my mind. Therefore, writing poetry has become a way to solve loneliness. Such as Fu's Memories of Li Bai in Spring and a night-mooring near maple bridge. Many of the Ci poems written by Xin Qiji and Lu You in Song Dynasty were written to relieve depression.
Secondly, writing poetry is also a form of entertainment. Poems (words) written, especially excellent poems, are copied and spread by relatives and friends. Singers use it as lyrics to sing for those literati at banquets, which has important entertainment functions. For example, Wang Changling's Join the Army, Wang Zhihuan's Stay in the Heron, and Wang Wei's Wei Cheng Qu were widely sung in the Tang Dynasty. Liu Yong's ci was widely circulated in Song Dynasty. "Where there is a well, there is a willow word", which is well known in Lian Jin. These poems (words) assumed quite a lot of entertainment functions at that time.
5. The ancients wrote poems (words) in order to make a statement and to be immortal.
Confucianism has the theory of "three immortals", that is, "make contributions, establish virtues, and make statements." Poetry written by the ancients is also a kind of "statement". Therefore, every scholar who makes a difference has a collection of poems or words that have been handed down to later generations and become their spiritual landmarks. Du Gongbu's Collection, Li Taibai's Collection, Dongpo's Seven Collections, Jia Xuan's Long and Short Sentences ... Through their poems, their glorious demeanor is written on the historical monument. We admire the character of the sages, and their works inspire future generations to work harder. These poems (words) contain infinite positive energy and nourish the spirit of generation after generation.