The earliest literary genre in China, which originated from the sound of primitive labor, is a kind of literature with rhyme and singing.
Most of the ancient poems are four words, such as The Book of Songs, and most of them are five or seven words after the Eastern Han Dynasty and Wei Dynasty. There were ancient and modern poems in the Tang Dynasty, and new poems in the May 4th Movement.
In ancient China, happy poems were called songs and unhappy poems were called poems. Whether it is harmonious or not, it has a strong musical beauty.
Poetry is divided into ancient poetry, modern poetry and new poetry according to the times; Divided into narrative poems and lyric poems according to their forms of expression; According to the content, it can be divided into four categories: pastoral poetry, landscape poetry, science poetry and object-chanting poetry.
1, ancient poetry
Also known as "ancient poetry" and "ancient style", it refers to the poems before the Tang Dynasty (mainly in the Han and Wei Dynasties) and the works that imitate the poems before the Tang Dynasty. It is developed from folk songs, without seeking opposition, level and rhyme freedom. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in the middle Tang Dynasty used Yuefu to create new poems, which still belong to the category of classical poetry.
2. Modern poetry
Compared with classical poetry, a poetic style, also known as "modern poetry" and "metrical poetry", has strict rules on the number, number of words, level and rhyme of sentences. There are two kinds: metrical poems and quatrains.
Step 3: rhythm
A style of modern poetry, divided into five laws and seven methods. There are certain norms and requirements in phonology, level tone, sentence pattern and antithesis. The whole poem consists of eight sentences, which are divided into the first couplet, the parallel couplet, the neck couplet and the tail couplet.
4. quatrains
A style of modern poetry, which is divided into five sections and seven sections and consists of four sentences, is generally considered as a "half-section poem".
5. Chu ci
A poetic genre named after the appearance of the southern Chu region during the Warring States Period, represented by Qu Yuan's Li Sao, is also called "Sao Style".
Features: a large number of fairy tales, full of fantasy and romance; In addition to lyricism, layout methods are widely used; The sentence pattern is relatively plain, and the word "Xi" is widely used.
6. New poetry
Also known as "modern poetry", it refers to the new style poetry produced by China since the May 4th Movement. Formally, it broke the limitation of old-style poetry and adopted a relatively free form and colloquial vernacular, which was convenient for reflecting social life and expressing thoughts and feelings.
New poetry requires conciseness, rhyme and general neatness.
7. Singing style
A style of Yuefu folk songs. Song is a general term, boasting about skills and acting skills, which is not strictly different from "singing", "song", "quotation", "sigh" and "tune".
Features ①
There is a fixed tone of words, but most of them have no definite sentences and sentences have no definite words, mainly miscellaneous words, and the language is colloquial, popular and vivid; (2) Rhyme is relatively free in rhythm, and there is no need to talk about level and level; (3) Expression techniques: In addition to metaphor, parallelism is used to elaborate, narrative twists and turns, and people are good at dialogue and detail description to portray characters and shape images.