He joined the army at the age of fifteen and didn't come back until he was eighty.
Every villager said, "Who's at home?"
"From a distance, it is the royal family, with many pines and cypresses."
Rabbits enter from the dog's sinus and pheasants fly from the beam.
In the atrium, Green Valley was born, and in the well, Lv Kui was born.
Cereals are used as meals and sunflowers as soup.
The soup and rice have been cooked for a while, and I don't know who it will be.
Going out and looking east, tears fell on my clothes. [2] [ 1]
2 annotation translation editor
Sentence annotation
Start: only; Home: Go home.
Feng Dao: Meet on the road; Lu: On the way.
Answer (Yi): Modal words have no practical meaning.
Jun: You, your respectful name; Looking into the distance: looking into the distance.
Pine and cypress (bǐ i): pine and cypress;
There are countless graves: one after another. Tomb (zhǒng), grave, high grave. Léi léi, connected with "base", is continuous.
Dog sinus: a hole in the wall for dogs to enter and exit. Sinus (Dü u), acupoint.
Pheasant: Pheasant.
Atrium: The courtyard in front of the house.
Travel: Travel, plants are wild, no need to sow;
Kwai: Sunflower, young leaves can be eaten.
Put things in a mortar or mortar, knock off the shell or mash millet.
Gēng: Soup made of vegetable leaves.
A moment: a moment.
Yi: send, give away. [ 1]
Look: Say "Hope".
Vernacular translation
Teenagers who just turned fifteen went out to fight and didn't come back until they were eighty.
A rural neighbor in Lu Yu asked, "Who else is in my family?"
"Your position is now a grave in the pine and cypress forest."
Walking to the door, I saw rabbits coming in and out of the dog hole and pheasants flying around the roof.
There are wild millet in the yard and wild sunflower around the well.
Cook rice with shelled wild grain and pick sunflower leaves to cook soup.
Both soup and rice are ready in a short time, but I don't know who to give them to.
Out of the door, looking east, full of tears, flapping on the clothes.
Creative background editing
The fifteenth military service system is a folk song of Yuefu in Han Dynasty, which exposes the unreasonable military service system in feudal society. It reflects the injustice and suffering of the working people under the dark military service system at that time. The work is true, profound, irritating and makes people cry.
The complicated military service at that time made that era full of sadness and helplessness of little people. There is no horse wrapped, and dusk hangs down. [3]
4 works appreciation editor
The Tenth Five-year Conscription is a narrative poem, which describes the scene of a veteran "leaving home at a young age" on his way home and after returning home. It exposed the unreasonable military service system in feudal society and reflected the injustice and suffering of working people under the dark military service system at that time. The work is true and profound, mixed with joy and sorrow, which makes people cry. [3]
The opening of the work is extraordinary: "Fifteen joined the army and eighty returned." Frankly speaking, these two sentences, when a veteran joined the army at the age of fifteen and returned at the age of eighty, seem unremarkable, like a casual remark, but they are intriguing and impressive. He "joined the army in the tenth five-year plan", and where he went is not explained in the poem. His life and war situation in the army are not explained in the poem. This leaves a lot of imagination for readers. But one thing is clear, that is, he "joined the army" because of the war and walked for decades. The contrast between "80" and "15" highlights its "conscription" time; The echo of "starting all over again" and "joining the army" shows that he never gave up halfway. It can also be seen from this sentence that the hero of this poem is 80 years old. [3]
It is precisely because he joined the army in the fifteenth and returned to China in the eighties, during which he lost contact with his family for decades and knew nothing about the situation at home, so the veterans were eager to know about the situation at home. Therefore, this naturally leads to the following words: the dialogue between veterans and villagers on their way home. Song, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "I'm near my village now, but I dare not ask anyone", which reflects his ambivalent mood of returning home after a long separation. It's different from this poem, but it leads to the same goal. Song's poem is about his eagerness to know about his family on his way home, but it is straightforward. Both of them show the true feelings of people who have returned home after a long separation. The answer of "village people" in this poem is very clever. It didn't explicitly say who else was in the veteran's family, but pointed to many high graves covered with pine and cypress in the distance and said, "That's your home." The implication is: "There is no one else in your family." In fact, "village people" don't have the heart to tell the truth in this way, for fear that veterans can't bear the pain of losing their families at once. This kind of ink is obviously to write sad feelings in a sad scene, which also echoes the following. [3]
"Everyone in the village said,' Who's home?' ",the protagonist's ideological context from 65 years of campaign life to entering the vast wilderness, a long road, from endless imagination to eager, eager and afraid understanding and exploration of the status quo of relatives' homes. Just as the protagonist's 65-year campaign life is not detailed, the work also omits the surprise description when he stays at home, runs on the road and meets the villagers. The question "Who is at home" leads to the focus of work-home. Sixty-five years later, how can you expect the whole family to be safe and your loved ones to be alive? One or two survivors are lucky. So he just asked who else in the family was lucky enough to survive. The answer of the "village people" is like a basin of ice-soaked water standing in the ice and snow: "From a distance, it is the royal family, with countless pines and cypresses. "In these turbulent years, my dear relatives, there are no survivors. Full of hope, full of love, 65 years of wind, frost, rain and snow, 65 years of feelings accumulated in my heart, I can't talk to others, I can't express them. [3]
The reality in front of us is: "rabbits enter from the dog's sinus and pheasants fly from the beam;" The atrium is born in the valley and the well is born in the sunflower. "From a distance, I can see a more desolate and sad scene. The author didn't say that the room was empty, but he caught the rabbit, saw people get into the livestock nest and thought he was safe, and the pheasant flew to the beam in the house and thought he was safe. Veterans don't have a straight book garden, but only take two "shots" of sunflower and grain growth at random by the well and atrium. People go to the empty building and die in the garden, which is even more detrimental to the image. A travel-stained old man stood in front of his "home" with a clean and tidy garden, feeling lonely. He looked forward to his home for 65 years, but none of his relatives came to meet him. Even ten times or even a hundred times worse than he imagined ... The author did not express his feelings directly, but his works received a stronger lyrical effect than direct lyricism. [3]
Some misty, some ignorant, some sad old people, like "pine and cypress burial", have become numb to the desolate feeling of their homes. So he silently peeled off the shell of the ripe millet and picked the tender leaves of the winter sunflower. When the meal was ready and the soup was boiling, it suddenly occurred to him that he didn't know who to give it to. [3]
"Going out and looking east, tears fell on my skirt." He walked out of the dilapidated door and looked east. He may still have hope. Who did he see, what did he see, his long-lost relatives, or nothing. He walked out of his fantasy blankly and burst into tears. He can't cry like a young man, only tears that have condensed sixty-five years of hardships, sixty-five years of thoughts, sixty-five years of expectations, sixty-five years of battlefield dust and sixty-five years of vicissitudes fall on dusty clothes. The words "tears on my skirt" are saturated with rich, profound and painful emotional connotations. At the end of the poem, the emotional concentration of the author and the reader reached its peak. [3]
The whole poem highlights the image of an old soldier who joined the army in the 15th and returned to the army in the early 1980s, and also highlights the image of "home". At the same time, the image of "village people" who only wrote a pen is also very distinct. The weather-beaten old people, outspoken villagers, and the home of withered grass and cypress graves have become a real and moving picture scroll with social significance, which typically reflects one aspect of the social reality in the Han Dynasty. In particular, the narrative of the protagonist and his family's mutual contrast has pushed the theme and artistic level of the work to a new height: those who have served in military service for 65 years are actually the only survivors of the whole family, and those relatives who have not served in military service have green pines and cypresses on their graves. It is conceivable that their misery during their lifetime is not as miserable as those foot soldiers who may die every moment; The work specifically describes the unfortunate experience and painful feelings of the protagonist who fought for the country for 65 years but could not return home, but was homeless after returning home. Compared with his relatives who had to walk into the silent, dark and cold grave, his misfortune was "lucky". In this way, the work not only exposes the darkness and evil of the feudal military service system, but also shows the misfortune of an 80-year-old man, reflects the darkness of the whole social reality at that time, shows the misfortune of all the people, the depression of society and the turmoil of the times, and sublimates the theme of the work. The whole poem is concise, profound and dignified, the choice of content and the arrangement of structure are just right, and it is unique and has received the artistic effect of "implication", far-reaching artistic conception and lasting charm. [3]
The four sentences "Rabbit follows" are described above. When the veterans came home, they saw rabbits coming in and out of the dog hole and pheasants flying around the beams. "Green Valley" grows in the yard, and "Lv Kui" grows on the well platform. "Rabbit" and "pheasant" are both animals, one in the "dog sinus" (below) and the other in the "beam" (above); "Green Valley" and "Lv Kui" are plants that grow by themselves without planting, one in the "courtyard" and the other in the "well" (well platform). These animals and plants in different directions constitute a sad scene here. The direct cause of this scene is that there is no one at home. And there's no one at home. Who caused it? In this respect, poetry is silent, which gives readers room for imagination. These poems are still written in sad scenes, which set off the sadness in the hearts of veterans. What saddens the veteran even more is that he cooks with Green Valley and makes soup with Lv Kui. It didn't take much time to make it, but he didn't know who to give the rice and soup to, just didn't have any relatives to share. This is exactly what the four sentences in Pangu show. The veteran went home alone, with no relatives at home. Finally, he is alone. This not only takes care of the above-the villagers' answers and the scenes seen by veterans after returning home, but also continues to write sad feelings with sad scenes. [3]
The last two sentences of the poem further express the sadness in the hearts of veterans in the description of their actions. Here, the details of the veteran's going out to look in all directions ("going out to look in all directions") and tears ("tears falling on my clothes") are highlighted, and the image of this unaccompanied and lonely veteran is portrayed, showing his grief-stricken mood incisively and vividly. Who caused the tragic experience? Although it is not clear in the poem, it is not difficult for readers to see this as long as they are related to the background of the poem. This poem has entered Yuefu in the Jin Dynasty and can be regarded as a work during the Han and Wei Wars. It was the militaristic rulers and endless wars at that time that caused the tragic experience of the veteran. Reflect the tragic experience of veterans, but also reflect the tragic experience of ordinary people under the oppression of heavy corvee at that time, and profoundly expose the dark social reality at that time. [3]
This poem is ingenious and natural, focusing on the veterans' returning experiences and emotional changes. His experience of returning home is: returning home from the beginning → on the way home → going home → "going out and looking east"; Emotional changes include: anxious to go home, anxious to know "who is at home?" Full of hope of reuniting with relatives (on the way home) → hope failed → complete disappointment (returning home, the scene was desolate and no one was there) → sad tears, disheartened ("going out and looking east"). These all come down to the theme of poetry that exposes the reality of dark society. The whole poem uses line drawing to describe the characters, with distinct levels and simple language. It expresses the sadness in a sad scene, which is quite distinctive and can also reflect the artistic characteristics of Han Yuefu's lyricism based on local materials. [3]
Poem Collection of Yuefu compiled by Guo Maoqian in Song Dynasty is another famous poem collection summarizing ancient Yuefu songs in China after The Book of Songs and Wind. There is 100 volume, which is the most complete collection of Yuefu songs. It mainly collects Yuefu songs from Han, Wei, Tang and Five Dynasties, as well as ballads from pre-Qin to the end of Tang Dynasty, with more than 5,000 songs. It has a wide collection, all kinds have a general order, and every song has a solution. Yuefu was originally an official position in charge of music in ancient times. Yuefu collects the poems sung, which are called Yuefu poems.
"Yuefu", originally the name of the organ in charge of music, was first established in Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and there were Yuefu organs in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Its specific tasks are making music scores, collecting lyrics and cultivating musical talents. There are two sources of lyrics: one is written by literati and the other is collected from the people. Later, people called the poems collected by Yuefu organs Yuefu, or Yuefu poems and Yuefu words, so Yuefu changed from the official name to the poem name. The two best Yuefu poems are Mulan Poetry and Peacock Flying Southeast.
There is no author's name