Original poem, annotation, translation, appreciation, reading training with answers by Li Xin's "Ancient Meaning"
Original text:
Ancient Meaning
Li Qi of the Tang Dynasty
The man is on the Long March, and he is a young and quiet Yanke.
The winning horse's hoof is seven feet lighter.
Don’t dare to kill someone, you must be like a hedgehog.
The white clouds are flying at the bottom of the Yellow Clouds, and I cannot return without repaying my kindness.
The young woman from Liaodong was fifteen years old and used to play the pipa and sing and dance.
The sound of the Qiang flute has made our entire army burst into tears.
Notes
①Ancient meaning: The title of the poem is "Ancient meaning", indicating that this is a pseudo-ancient poem. ②Long March: Soldiers go on long journeys. ③ Hedgehog: Hedgehog: a variant of "hedgehog", that is, hedgehog, a mammal with a body covered with hard thorns. Zhe (zhé): open. ④Liaodong: refers to the area east of the Liaohe River, the east and south of today's Liaoning Province. Liaodong County was established during the Warring States, Qin, Han and Northern and Southern Dynasties. It is also the name of a military town. It was established in the early Ming Dynasty and its jurisdiction is equivalent to most of today's Liaoning Province. Habit: habitual, consistent. Ability: good at. ⑤Qiang flute: Qiang folk wind instrument. Going out of the fortress: the old title of Yuefu's "Hengchui Music Ci? Han Hengchui Music". The Tang Dynasty Yuefu has "Crossing the Front", "Crossing the Back", "Song above the Fortress", "Song below the Fortress", etc., all of which evolved from the tune "Crossing the Fortress".
Translation
The good man went on an expedition to the frontier. He grew up in Youyan. Under the horse's hooves, he dares to compete with his friends to win or lose, and he never values ??his seven-foot body. Fight the enemy bravely on the battlefield, so that the enemy dare not move forward. The beard is as short, hard, and plentiful as a hedgehog, and stretches outwards. In the vast wilderness and the dim sky, homesickness arises spontaneously. But how can one return without having made meritorious deeds? There was a young woman from Liaodong who was fifteen years old and had always been good at playing the pipa and singing and dancing. She played the tune of Chusai on the Qiang flute, which made the soldiers of the three armies burst into tears.
Appreciation:
This poem is titled "Ancient Meaning", indicating that it is a pseudo-ancient poem. The first six sentences describe a man who is serving in the army on the frontier in a lifelike and vivid way, making him active in front of the readers. The word "man" in the first sentence gives the reader the impression of a man. The second sentence, "Young young guest from Youyan", explains that the man who engaged in the Long March was from the Youyan area, where there have been many generous and tragic people since ancient times, which provides the following description of his bravery and bravery. These two sentences lead to the following four sentences. He was betting with his friends under the horse's hooves, and he never valued his seven-foot body that much, so he fought bravely to kill the enemy as soon as he entered the battlefield, so that the enemy did not dare to move forward. "Betting and winning under the horse's hooves are seven feet lighter. Don't dare to kill people." These three sentences express the man's spirit vividly. Everyone wants to meet such a man! But poetry cannot be written in its entirety like a painting, it can only focus on its characteristics. So I grabbed the beard and painted it. However, a long beard of three to five locks was not only inappropriate for his age, but also his demeanor was too elegant, so the poet created the image of a short beard. The five characters "beard like a hedgehog's hair" describe the characteristics of the beard being short, plentiful and hard, which shows his brave and strong spirit and the angry look of the hedgehog when killing the enemy. It is concise, clear and powerful. It highlights the image of the man joining the army. In order to coordinate with the poetic mood, the poet uses short five-character sentences and short and solid rhyme, which enhances the artistic effect of the poem.
Next, the poet uses the sentence "Huangyunlong and white clouds fly" to lay out a background for the protagonist of the poem. Close your eyes and think about it: a man with a beard, a tall war horse on his crotch, and a sharp sword in his hand. Behind him is the vast wilderness and the dim sky. This scene is so majestic and vast. But the beauty of this sentence is not just that. There is a lot of wind and sand in the fortress, and the sand is rolled into the clouds, so the clouds are yellow, while the clouds in the interior are pure white. The yellow clouds and white clouds in this sentence seem to describe the scenery on the surface, but in fact they are contrasted in pairs, embodying the feelings in the scenery, and the writing is extremely detailed. The first six sentences about this man are pure rough lines and hard style, but does this man who is on an expedition to the frontier not have some homesickness? Let's see that after the man looked forward at the yellow clouds on the mountain, he couldn't help but look back at his hometown. Where is your hometown? But seeing a white cloud can't help but arouse the feeling of homesickness. This meaning is expressed by the poet in the most refined and implicit way in the gaps in the words, and he can see the effort in the absence of words. But if you go on to write that you are homesick and eager to return, it does not seem to be the identity of such a man. Therefore, at this time when you want to vomit and can't turn around, use the seven words "You can't return without repaying your kindness." The twists and turns of the characters indicate that although this man is occasionally homesick, he firmly does not want to go back because he has not repaid the country's kindness. These two words "de" come from the man's heart. Used together in one sentence, it shows his firm determination. At the same time, they also echo each other intentionally or unintentionally with the two words "cloud" used in the previous sentence. The first six sentences have a short rhythm. When writing these two sentences, the scenery contained emotional charm, so the poet changed to a seven-character sentence here, and also changed to the five-micro rhyme with a low tone and a floating ending in the flat rhyme. However, since the purpose of the eighth sentence is still firm, two syllables of the word "de" are inserted to add a strong and powerful tone to the melodiousness.
The general idea, if we continue to write it down, it should be based on "no return without repayment". However, unexpectedly, a "little woman from Liaodong" who was only fifteen years old suddenly appeared. There is no need to describe her appearance and figure. People can imagine it from her young age and "used to playing the pipa and singing and dancing". With the appearance of the "Little Woman from Liaodong", the touching "sound of the Qiang flute coming out of the plug" was brought to people.
In the first ten sentences, there are characters, scenery, colors, but no sound: in the sentence "Now is the sound of the Qiang flute", the young woman blows the sound of the flute, so the whole poem is full of sound and color. "Qiang Flute" is a musical instrument on the frontier, and "Chusi" is a melody on the frontier, which is connected with the "Youyan" and "Liaodong" mentioned above. The sound of the flute is so sad and desolate, it evokes the endless feelings of homesickness in the soldiers. After listening to this song, it can't help but "make our three armies burst into tears". Here, the poet actually wants to write about the tears of a young man, but how can such a tough guy be excited when listening to a young woman's Qiang flute? Therefore, the poet does not write about the man's tears from the front, but writes about the tears of the soldiers of the three armies. Not only did they fall, but they fell as much as rain. In such a situation where everyone was moved, this man was no exception, so it goes without saying. This technique of holding up the clouds and supporting the moon is implicit and refined, and is extremely powerful and difficult for ordinary people to achieve. In addition, these four sentences use the Qiqu rhyme in the upper tone. The three words "五", "五" and "雨" are all pronounced downward, thus achieving an artistic effect of both emotional and rhyme.
There are twelve lines in the whole poem, which are full of excitement, frustration and fluttering. The first six sentences are concentrated in one breath, until the hair is as thick as a hedgehog's hair. "One sentence pauses," "Huangyun Longdi Baiyunfei" suddenly floats away, "Unrepayed kindness cannot return", another sentence is frustrated. The following is a throwback. The pen flew in the air, and suddenly a young woman from Liaodong appeared, and the two sentences in a row seemed to have no interference with the above text, "This is the sound of the Qiang flute coming out of the stopper", one sentence uses the word "jin" to remind people, "Qiang flute", "going out of the stopper" and "you" in the above text. "Yan" and "Liaodong" echo. The last sentence is summarized with "make our three armies burst into tears", including the young man in the first sentence, holding the sudden connection above, and the blood of the whole head is suddenly connected. In a short chapter, There is such a scale of thousands of miles, which is not seen in Li Qi's previous seven-character poems.