Keywords Zhu Ziqing's prose is delicate and simple.
In the 1920s-40s, a famous prose writer was active in China literary world. He is Zhu Ziqing, who is revered as a master of prose by later generations. Zhu Ziqing has been the head of the Chinese Department in Tsinghua University for more than 20 years, and his prose creation has been flourishing. In the history of China's modern prose, he put forward the aesthetic creation principle of "expressing ambition" for the first time, and dared to challenge the ancient prose of "expressing Tao by writing". Zhu Ziqing's scenery and narrative are full of strong feelings. There are feelings in the scene, and the scene is designed for the feelings. The feelings emerge from the scene, the feelings are written by things, the feelings are mixed, and people are moved by emotions. His perfect artistic conception of prose has set a "model of vernacular beauty" and made great contributions to the development of China's modern prose. As Yang Zhensheng said, "His prose really opened up a smooth road for us, always leading me from near to far, making me feel ashamed." . Zhu Ziqing's early, middle and late prose creation has different artistic styles.
First, the early stage: the freshness and significance of poetry.
Throughout the development history of modern prose in China, the achievements of prose in the May 4th period have the greatest influence on modern and contemporary prose creation. The writer with the highest prose achievement in this period should be the first to recommend Zhu Ziqing. In fact, Zhu Ziqing won the literary reputation by creating new poems. He co-founded the first poetry magazine in the history of literature and wrote the first lyric poem in the history of modern literature-destruction. 1923, turned to writing prose. Of course, the freshness and implication of poetry directly influenced his early prose writing style. Appreciate Zhu Ziqing's first essay "Singing" and compare it with "Destruction". The vernacular of his new poems is quite natural, with uneven lines, sometimes as long as twenty crosses, and it doesn't rhyme, which is very close to prose. "Natural syllables" are close to prose without standards, but shorter and more compact than prose sentences. In the early days, the new poetry focused on the destruction of the old forms, and the tone of those vernacular poems tended to be dull. Zhu Ziqing is a poet, and his prose is naturally a poet. Yu Dafu said in the introduction of China New Literature Collection Prose Collection 2 that Zhu Ziqing's prose "can still be full of that kind of poetry." His early prose works are influenced by his early poetry creation, which is quite "poet's prose" and enriches and expands the ability of prose to express the true feelings of life and inner world, while his early poetry creation has a great influence on later lyric prose and prose creation.
Zhu Ziqing's writing focus has shifted several times, from poetry to prose and then to prose. Among his many works, his prose is the most outstanding, which has made great contributions to the development of China's modern prose. Especially in Zhu Ziqing's early landscape prose, the language is concise, clear, delicate and beautiful, and he is good at accurately and concretely expressing the characteristics of the object of description with meticulous efforts and pursuing realistic artistic effects. As Zhu Ziqing said in Realistic Picturesque, "Realism" is equivalent to "vivid" or "vivid" as the saying goes. Not only that,
It looks real. Ye also called Zhu Ziqing's early prose sincere, profound and quiet in Mr. Zhu Peixian, which was regarded as "the ultimate style". A close reading of Zhu Ziqing's early prose works will make people truly appreciate the author's quiet and meticulous artistic style. His prose is poetic and picturesque, which is the crystallization of the combination of lyricism and documentary. That is, on the basis of depicting real life, accompanied by strong emotional reactions, it constitutes a beautiful picture of the unity of mind and matter.
In Zhu Ziqing's prose, those lyrical chapters are highly respected, and the part describing natural scenery is based on sincere feelings, meticulous observation, vivid description and colorful imagination, which constitutes a poetic and beautiful and meticulous artistic style.
Good prose itself is poetry, especially lyric prose. The so-called "poetry" in prose refers to sincere and rich emotions, mixed scenes and implicit artistic conception; The so-called "painting" in prose refers to the vivid landscape carefully constructed, colored and described by the writer. The harmonious unity of "poetry" and "painting" is mainly manifested in the composition of love, "painting in the text", the blending of love and scenery, and the blending of scenes. Emotion is the life of prose. No matter how you describe the scenery, you must have a writer's sincere and strong feelings as the soul, otherwise, no matter how clever the skills are and how beautiful the language is, it is just a wax figure beauty. Zhu Ziqing advocates realistic creative methods. He is sincere and realistic. Don't pretend, don't hide, and truly feel from the heart. With the bright moon in the sky and the Qinhuai River brightly lit, the original Ling Bo is integrated with the pleasure and yearning of tourists. The feelings of anxiety, contradiction, disappointment and disillusionment brought by geisha's songs mean that "the beautiful night scene is also reduced", "the moonlight is deserted when we return to the ship" and "the water image of the forest is as dark as it is, and it is about to devour our ship". Light as smoke, dreamlike moonlight on the lotus pond is saturated with the writer's faint sadness and joy. Sparse lotus flowers, delicate fragrance and faint moonlight are consistent with the writer's desire to get rid of worldly troubles and steal a moment of freedom. The beauty of Zhu Ziqing's vernacular is moving because he writes scenery with emotion and turns narration into things.
In Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, the author describes a scene of enjoying the moon alone in the lotus pond on a summer night. Through humanized and emotional scenery, it not only shows the author's yearning for a free and quiet life and natural beauty, but also entrusts the author with his depressed feelings of seeking temporary detachment and peace in the dark reality. Quiet paths, wind-induced lotus leaves, white lotus flowers, fragrant lotus ponds, flowing water, dim moonlight and the author's inner sadness are intertwined to form a harmonious melody. It not only shows the delicate artistic conception, but also shows the exquisite skills of writing scenery and expressing emotion. Simple structure, beautiful artistic conception, beautiful language and brilliant literary talent arouse readers' infinite association. With a quiet and elegant picture, I set out a "quite restless" psychological state. It shows the beautiful sentiment of honest intellectuals, which can be described as "all landscape words are affectionate"
Green describes Meiyu Pool and its green color. Following the trail, the author first wrote rocks, waterfalls and Meiyu Pavilion, and wrote all the way in an orderly manner. Sitting on the Meiyu Pavilion, the author has a panoramic view. Clouds are flowing overhead, green grass is flowing, waterfalls are rushing down and crashing into rocks, flying flowers and broken jade boats are falling, just like blossoming Bai Mei, and a little Huayang, so describing the scenery is really meticulous, so reading it is like seeing its scenery and smelling its sound. Then write plum rain pool's Green Wave. Zhu Ziqing vividly describes the color, ripple, luster, softness and purity of the pool water by using various artistic means such as metaphor, personification and association, which makes people feel that it has intoxicating green and charming beauty. The author melts admiration, joy and attachment into this piece of green, and shows the vitality of nature and the infinite yearning in his heart with beautiful scenes. The style of writing is calm and elegant, and the artistic conception is elegant and graceful.
With its natural and vivid style, vivid personification and fresh metaphor, Spring depicts the endless spring scenery in detail. The author observes carefully, has a unique taste, blends feelings into the scene and writes beautifully. His conception is complete, his artistic conception is beautiful, and his description of spring scenery is vivid, which can be called the swan song of painting and praising spring.
From the above-mentioned Zhu Ziqing's works, we can easily see that Zhu Ziqing's early prose writing style is "exquisite and meticulous", especially his early lyric prose, which shows high artistic achievements. On the basis of traditional prose art, his vernacular prose injects his own fresh emotional stream and accommodates "external influence", which is really a wonderful flower growing on the soil of national life and culture.